DISTRIBUTION OF MONKEYS AND LEMURS 227 



down to Wallace's Line. Some of these have a wide range, 

 such as the Pig-tailed Macaque (M. nemestrinus) and the 

 Crab-eating Macaque (if. cynomolgus), which occur in 

 most of the large islands of the Indian Archipelago, as 

 well as in the Malay Peninsula, but others are very limited 

 in their specific areas. The Macaques ascend high in the 

 Himalayas, M. rhesus or some of its allied forms going up 

 to at least 10,000 feet above the sea-level. Moreover, two 

 other nearly allied species of this genus are found to the 

 north of the Himalayas, far beyond the limits of the 

 Oriental Region. These are the Hairy-eared Macaque 

 (if lasiotis) of Szechuen, and the Tcheli Monkey (if. 

 tcheliensis) of Manchuria. The latter inhabits the moun- 

 tains of Yung-Ling, north of Pekin, in latitude 41° North, 

 where the thermometer frequently descends to 10° below 

 zero. An example of this rare monkey, which has been 

 living in the Zoological Society's menagerie since June 

 1886, is always kept in a cage in the open air. A third 

 species of Macaque (if. speciosas) is found in Japan, 

 where it is the sole representative of the order Quadru- 

 mana. It is stated to be found all over the island of 

 Hondo or Nippon up to 41° N. lat., and if this be the 

 case, has a higher range north than any other monkey 

 now existing, except perhaps the Tcheli Monkey just 

 spoken of. 



In the western part of the Pakearctic Region, a single 

 species of Macaque is also found. This is the Barbary 

 Ape (M. inuus), which frequents in the scrubby gorges of 

 the mountains of Morocco and Algeria, and is also a well- 

 known inhabitant of the Rock of Gibraltar. But whether it 

 is an aboriginal denizen of " The Rock " or has been intro- 

 duced by man is somewhat doubtful. At the present time, 



