228 THE GEOGRAPHY OF MAMMALS 



being carefully protected by the authorities there, it is said 

 to be increasing in numbers. 



It appears, therefore, that at least three or four species 

 of Macaque must be considered as inhabitants of the 

 Palrearctic Region, while the remainder are confined to 

 the Oriental Region. 



The series of Catarrhine, or Old World Monkeys, is 

 closed by the Baboons, of which three genera are now 

 usually recognized, one from the Oriental and two from 

 the Ethiopian Region. The Oriental form of Baboons is 

 the Black Baboon of Celebes {Gynopithecus niger) — a feeble 

 representative of its African relatives in the most distant 

 borders of the Oriental Region. The Black Baboon is 

 stated to be also found in Batchian and the Philippines, but 

 may possibly have been introduced by man into these 

 localities. In Africa the Gelada Baboon {Theropithecus), 

 with two somewhat doubtfully distinct species, is re- 

 stricted to the mountains of Abyssinia, while the true 

 Baboons (Cynocephalus) are spread over the greater part 

 of the Ethiopian Region. Of the eleven or twelve species 

 of Cynocephalus usually recognized, the best known per- 

 haps is the Arabian Baboon (G. hamadryas) — the Sacred 

 Monkey of the ancient Egyptians, the likeness of which 

 is of frequent occurrence among the engravings on the 

 Egyptian temples and tombs. Besides the south-west 

 portion of the Arabian Peninsula it inhabits also Abys- 

 sinia and extends into Upper Nubia. Another well- 

 known Baboon is the Chacma (C. porcarius) of the Cape 

 Colony. The proverbial unsightliness of the Baboons 

 reaches its acme in the Mandrill (C. mormon) and Drill 

 (G. leucophxus) both from West Africa. 



