314 BIRDS FROM YEZO, JAPAN—STEJNEGER. 
Anthus maculatus Hopes. (225) 
Two ¢ g¢, Nos. 698, 154; Hakodate, November 25 and 27, 1883; 9, No. 28, ibid., July 
19, 1886. U.S. Nat. Mus. Nos. 320544, 120548, 120545. 
Turdus cardis TEMM. (260) 
Four specimens, of which one just out of the nest, all in the olive 
plumage. Two of them are marked ¢, but this must be a mistake, for, 
as I shall show, the sexual difference in coloration is very pronounced 
in all plumages. 
When Seebohm treated of the Thrushes in the fifth volume of the 
“Oatalogue of the Birds in the British Museum” (1881), the young in 
the first plumage were unknown. Since then nestlings and young ones 
just out of the nest have been collected by Mr. Jouy and Mr. Henson. I 
have also a full series of the other plumages, so that a few remarks on 
the different plumages and their changes may not be out of place. 
é in nestling plumage is of a blackish slate color above with but a 
very slight suffusion of fulvous, and with very distinct pale butty shaft 
streaks; tail and wings similarly colored, though more fulvous towards 
the outer margins of the feathers; the terminal spots of ochraceous 
buff on the upper wing-coverts are rather large on the middle row, but 
nearly obsolete on the larger ones; the dusky spot on the under side 
are large, and the buffy tinge suffusing the white ground color rather 
pale (U.S. Nat. Mus., Nos. 88607, 88612). 
The nestling 2 differs considerably, being of a dark, dull, tawny olive 
above, with dusky margins to the tips of the feathers and narrow, bufty 
shaft streaks more or less pronounced; tail and wings more fulvous than 
in the male, without any slaty cast, and the ochraceous tip to the greater 
upper wing-coverts rather larger and well defined; sides, breast, and fore- 
neck more strongly suffused with ochraceous (U.S. Nat. Mus., No. 88608, 
and Henson, No. 5). 
3 jun., after the first autumnal molt ditters very much from the female 
in corresponding plumage. The entire upper surface is of a dull plum- 
beous or bluish slate gray, nearly pure on lower back and wing, and but 
slightly suffused with fulvous on head and interscapulars, but more 
strongly so on the secondaries, and especially the greater upper wing- 
coverts which have the tips narrowly margined with pale ochraceous 
butt; sides of head dusky, with but faint fulvous suffusion; fore-neck 
and breast very thickly spotted with large blackish, fan-shaped termi- 
nal spots, the visible ground color between them being pale plumbeous 
on the chest and lower neck, whitish on throat and chin, but suffused 
with ochraceous; rest of under surface pure white, tinged with plum- 
beous on the flanks and with ochraceous on the sides of the breast, these 
parts, besides, spotted with blackish like the breast; under wing-coverts 
ochraceous rufous. (This description is taken from a specimen collected 
by Mr. P. L. Jouy, in Fusan, Corea, April 26, 1886. Jouy, No. 1585.) 
