vero.’ | © PROCEEDINGS OF THE. NATIONAL MUSEUM. 333 
(5) Mr. Jouy’s fourteen females may be divided into two series: (a) 
those with narrow light outer edges to the tertiaries and narrow ochra- 
ceous tips to the greater upper coverts; and (b) those in which the 
light edges to the tertiaries are broader and surround the tip; which 
have very broad whitish tips to the greater coverts and light tips to 
the median coverts. The latter (b) I take to be birds of the year; the 
former (a) L consider adult birds. 
The sequence of the different plumages would then be, according to 
the above: 
Nestling plumage spotted; males with white at base of tail, females 
without; contour feathers molting in September and October. 
Young after autumnal molt: Olive above; males bright orange-tawny 
underneath and with white on tail; females dull orange-ochraceous 
underneath, without white on tail, broad whitish tips, to greater upper 
wing coverts. Contour feathers change before the birds leave the win- 
terquarters (Malayan peninsulaand Borneo). Whether the black plum- 
age is assumed in spring by an actual molt or by a change of colorin 
the individual feather I can not say without specimens, but the proba- 
bility is for the latter. 
Adult in breeding plumage: Males black above, orange tawny beneath, 
white on tail; females like young females, but with greater wing-coverts 
but narrowly margined at tip; by abrasion the plumage of the female 
turns gray above and buffy beneath. At the next autumnal molt both 
quills and contour feathers are shed; the males assume a somewhat 
lighter, more bluish slate color with a wash of olive. 
It will be seen that my conclusions differ considerably from those 
arrived at by Mr. R. B. Sharpe (Cat. B. Brit. Mus., Iv, pp. 201, 202), but 
Ican not help thinking that he has been led into error by specimens 
wrongly sexed by the collectors, and that in reality the bird which 
he describes as “ adult female” is but a young male. 
Henson’s collection contains two fine adult males in black spring plum- 
age; one in the slaty-blue fall plumage; one in olive plumage (marked 
female); and one young female with traces of the nestling plumage still 
on shoulders and upper tail-coverts. 
Measurements. 
Vous es = 
| | a ort 
i l2|a & 
‘ - Sex inal =, - 
Museum and No. pete and and Locality. Date. P= lee lies 
4 age. ieee ali See ltetes) | eee 
i PESO fates lan? a Pict = pal ne 
iFlelalals 
ag Seer ai. lhc Mie eRe SY al ee ee esa 
U.S. Nat., 120371 | Henson, 239... fad | Hakodate, Yezo....| May 20,1885 | 76 | 541 8 | 17 14 
Wes Nat., 120872 | Henson, 1552..| glad |.-.-do.........--.... May 20, 1886 | 73 | 52 | 8.5} 17 15 
WeswNat.. 120370 | Henson, 1297..| Gad |....do...-.....1.-..- Oct. 12, 1884 | 76 |....| 8 16 14 
U.S. Nat., 120374 ; Hengon, 240...| 9(?) !....do.....-.......-. | Oct. 8, 1884 | 75 | 52) 8 | 16 14 
U.S. Nat., 120375 | Henson, 1322.-| ?juv fesse Wao cee ocenot Oct. 20, 1884 | 70 | 51 | 8 | 15 14 
U.S. Nat., 91373 | Jouy, 731...... | ojun ; Matsumoto, Hondo.| Oct. 29,1882 | 74 | 52 | 8 | 15 14 
| 
> 
