INSECTS OF THE SUBFAMILY ENCYRTINA WITH BRANCHED AN- 
TENN. 
BY 
L. O. Howarp. 
(With Plates XLVI-XLVI. ) 
In a paper entitled “A new and remarkable Eneyrtid,” published in 
1890 (Insect Life, vol. 111, pp. 145-148), I showed that up to 1889 West- 
wood’s single specimen of Tetracnemus diversicornis, captured in 1835, 
was the only acknowledged encyrtine with branched antenne ever 
found. It is true that in 1885 Mr. Ashmead had described his Tetrae- 
nemus floridanus, but he had placed it in the subfamily Eulophine, not 
recognizing its encyrtine affinities. In 1889, however (Proc. Kntom. 
Soc., Washington, 1, 503), Mr. Ashmead announced that his species was 
a true encyrtine, and since that recent date five additional species, be- 
longing to four new genera, have been found, while Tetracnemus flori- 
danus has been shown to belong to still another new genus, making 
five in all. It is the purpose of this paper to describe the new forms 
and to bring the groups together to facilitate the characterization of 
additional genera and species which I feel sure will be discovered in 
the near future. 
Although the forms to be described in this paper agree in the abnor- 
mal branching of the antenne of the male sex, they can not be said 
to form a natural group. Tetracladia, Calocerinus and probably Tetrac- 
nemus seem closely allied, and, were tribal divisions necessary in the 
subfamily, these three genera would be grouped together. Heaacladia, 
Tanaostigma, and Pentacnemus, however, all of which we fortunately 
know in both sexes, differ widely from the other three genera. Pentacne- 
mus would plainly belong near Copidosoma in any natural arrangement 
of the known genera, but Hevacladia and Tanaostigma introduce new 
features into the encyrtine system and would form tribes by themselves. 
There exists, however, in the National Museum collection anew genus, 
reared in large series by Messrs. Coquillett and Koebele in California 
from a gall on mesquit, which plainly possesses strong affinities with 
Tanaostigma, but of which unfortunately we know only the female sex. 
The male may prove to have branched antenne. 
With this understanding of the diversity of the forms, the use of a 
purely provisional tribal name, Tetracnemini, may not be objected to. 
For the presentit may include all Encyrtinze whose males have branched 
Proceedings National Museum, Vol. XV—No. 905. 961 
