ANCIENT KEMAINS OF MAN HRDLICKA. 



499 



Without going into a detailed discussion of these characteristics, 

 it will suffice to say that in most respects the specimen differs more 

 or less from the ordinary human skull of to-day as well as from those 

 of early man, so far as known, and approaches correspondingly the 

 crania of the anthropoid apes. 



The temporal ridges, marking on the parieties of the vault the 

 upper limit of the temporal muscles and fascia, are well defined but 

 run rather distant (about 4 cm. on each side) from the median line, 

 as in female anthropoids and in man. This suggests that the cranium 



Fig. 2. — Attempt at a eestoeation of the skull of the Pithecanthropus ekectus half 

 THE NATURAL SIZE. (After Dubois, Smithsonian Report for 1S98.) 



may be feminine. The whole remnant, in fact, presents rather sub- 

 dued forms, such as would more readily be expected in a female 

 than in a male being at that stage of evolution. 



The walls of the skull are of only moderate thickness. Its internal 

 capacity was originally believed by Dubois to have been quite large, 

 namely about 1,000 c. c, but eventually he reduced this estimate to 

 900 c. c. or a little over. The capacity of an average cranium of a 

 white American would amount in the male to about 1,500, in the 

 female to about 1,350 c. c, while in the largest living anthropoid 

 apes it only rarely attains or exceeds 600 c. c. 



