508 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1913. 



"As regards the human remains discovered, inchiding the canine 

 tooth, there is nothing in their mode of occurrence to favor the idea 

 that they may have belonged to different individuals. Putting aside 

 the human remains and those of the beaver, the remains of the fauna 

 all point to a characteristic land fauna of Pliocene age ; and, though 

 all are portions of hard teeth, they are rolled and broken. The 

 human remains, on the other hand, although of much softer material, 

 are not rolled, and the remains of beaver are in a similar condition. 

 It would, therefore, seem that the occurrence of these two individuals 

 belongs to one of the periods of reconstruction of this gravel, though 

 for other reasons before stated by us, this is not perfectly certain." 



The newly-found nasal bones (pi. 8) are "comparatively stout, 

 and they are thickened at the upper border, suggesting a massive 

 and some Avhat overhanging brow ridge. * * * Comparison proves 

 that these nasal bones resemble those of the Melanesian and African 

 races, rather than those of the Eurasian type." 



The remarkable new canine tooth (pi. 8) "is certainly that of a 

 primate mammal, and may therefore be referred without hesitation 

 to Eoanthropus. As it belongs to the right side of the mandible, 

 corresponds in size with the jaw already found at the same spot, 

 and agrees with the molar teeth in having been considerably worn 

 by mastication, it may almost certainly be regarded as part of the 

 specimen previously described. The crown of the tooth is conical in 

 shape, but laterally compressed. * * * The tooth is distinctly 

 larger than any hitherto found in genus Homo and differs funda- 

 mentally in having completely interlocked with its opposing tooth, 

 which worked downward on its inner face as far as the edge of the 

 gum. Its exact position in the jaw remains uncertain, but its crown 

 must have risen well above the level of the other teeth, and its state 

 of wear implies its separation from the anterior premolar by a slight 

 diastema, as in the apes." From the various comparisons which the 

 authors make it appear that " among known Upper Tertiary and 

 Recent Anthropoids, the permanent lower canine of Eoanthropus 

 agrees more closely in shape with the milk canine both of man and of 

 the apes than with the corresponding permanent tooth in either of 

 these groups. It is also obvious that the resemblance is greater be- 

 tween Eoanthro'pus and Homo than between the former and any 

 known genus of apes. In other words, the permanent tooth of the 

 extinct E oant7iro2)us is almost identical in shape with the temporary 

 milk tooth of the existing Homo. Hence it forms another illustra- 

 tion of the well-known law in mammalian paleontology, that the 

 permanent teeth of an ancestral race agree more closely in pattern 

 with the milk teeth than with the permanent teeth of its modified 

 descendants." 



