530 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1913. 



thing to Prof. Gorjanovic-Kramberger's thorough description of the 

 specimens, but rather because the view and handling of the original 

 objects in a case of this importance is a rare treat which helj^s to fix 

 in the mind, more tlian any description could, their extraordinary 

 characteristics. 



The human bones are, for the most part, in fragments. Notwith- 

 standing their defective condition, however, the collection impresses 

 the student most forcibly by its scientific importance. xVs in the case 

 of the Mauer jaw and a number of other specimens derived from 

 early man in Europe, the material bears the unmistakable stamp 

 of genuineness and preciousness to anthropology, impressions which 

 are wanting in the case of so many of the finds that are merely urged 

 as ancient. 



The bones represent, as already mentioned, the remains of at least 

 14 individuals of both sexes, ranging from childhood to ripe adult 

 age. The fragmentation of the slmlls (pis. 23-25) lower jaws and 

 some of the long bones is excessive, and of such a nature as to sug- 

 gest that it was caused otherwise than by accidental breaking or 

 crushing. A number of the fragments show also the effects of burn- 

 ing, and one specimen, a portion of the supraorbital part of a frontal, 

 presents some cuts. These different conditions, together with the 

 absence of many parts of the skulls and bones, with total lack of 

 association of the fragments and the commingling of the human with 

 the animal bones, led Gorjanovic-Kramberger to the opinion that the 

 remains represent the leavings of occasional cannibalistic feasts and 

 are not burials. 



The Krapina bones are whitish, yellowish, or light brownish in 

 color. They are not of great weight, but a chemical examination has 

 shown that they are much altered in constitution, particularly in the 

 fluorine-phosphates proportions. They may be roughly divided 

 into the parts representing the vault of the slmll; the jaws and the 

 teeth : and other bones of the skeleton than the cranium. 



The long and other boneS of the skeleton, relatively less interesting 

 than the skulls and jaws, show the Krapina man to have been, as 

 compared with central European white man of to-day, of moderate 

 stature, and outside of the powerful jaws, of strong though not ex- 

 cessive muscular development. Some individuals were very percep- 

 tibly weaker than others. As to form, particularly in the upper ex- 

 tremities, the bones in general are perceptibly more modern in type 

 than those of the Neanderthal or Spy man, nevertheless they present, 

 as well shown by Prof. Gorjanovic-Kramberger, numerous and im- 

 portant primitive features. 



The fragments of the skulls show that the bones of the vault were 

 considerably thicker than they are in the white man of to-day. The 

 crania were of good size externally, but the brain cavities were prob- 



