548 ANNUAL REPOET SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1913. 



The examination of the human bones was begun on the spot by 

 Prof. Klaatsch, who eventually reached the following conclusions: 



The skeleton belongs to an adolescent of perhaps 16 years of age 

 and probably of the male sex. The height of the boy, as estimated 

 from the long bones, was probably 1.45 to 1.50 meters (4 feet 9 inches 

 to 4 feet 11 inches). 



The slmll (pis. 40, 41) notwithstanding the youth of the subject, 

 shows a number of characteristics which are peculiar to the Neander- 

 thal group. While of a good size, with only moderately thick bones 

 of the vault and the latter of a fair height, it shows nevertheless a 

 rather low and sloping forehead; a well-marked complete supra- 

 orbital arch or torus, which later in life would doubtless have become 

 much more prominent ; relatively large dental arches, with large and 

 in a number of particulars primitive teeth; a massive lower jaw with 

 complete absence of the chin eminence ; and other interesting features. 

 The glenoid fossse, especially that on the right, show an inclination 

 upward and outward, as in thd skulls of Krapina and as in the 

 skulls of children in modern man. And there are a number of other 

 characteristics on the Moustier skull and skeleton which connect the 

 latter morphologically quite closely with the man of Krapina. 



The long and other bones, so far as preserved, possess also nu- 

 merous primitive characteristics. Especially noticeable among these 

 are the relatively large extremities, particularly the head of the 

 femur; a strong development of the external condyle of the thigh 

 bones ; the peculiar curvature of the same ; the very marked curvature 

 of the radius, etc. Klaatsch reached the deduction that the skeleton 

 belongs undoubtedly to the Homo neaTiderthalensis variety of the 

 early European. 



OTHER SKELETAL REMAINS OF ANCIENT MAN IN EUROPE. 



In addition to the more important skeletal remains of early man 

 dealt with in the preceding pages, there exist a considerable number 

 of specimens which, because of their isolated or defective nature, are 

 of less value to science, or which have not as yet been properly 

 studied and determined, or which, finally, retain some elements of 

 uncertainty as to their true position in human chronology. And be- 

 sides these there is a large additional series of skeletal remains, in- 

 cluding the latest paleolithic and the neolithic remains, which, while 

 still ancient, are nevertheless relatively near to man of the present 

 date. 



Among the earlier isolated or defective specimens may be men- 

 tioned first of all the two teeth of Taubach. One of these, a molar 

 of the first dentition, was found in the old Quaternary deposits at 



