SUBTERRAISTEAN RIVER WALKER AND BOND. 



721 



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close automatically in case of an abnormal flow through the risers, 



due to the destruction of the valve at the top by explosion or other 



accident. At the top of the risers there 



will be two valves, the one nearer the 



riser being an emergency valve, which 



may be closed in case of any damage to 



the other valve. 



It is probable that no immediate 

 changes will be made in the water supply 

 of Manhattan and Bronx, except that e/^^jt-w-j-^ 

 pipe lines will be run from the shafts to 

 help out the existing supply in case of 

 emergency. In Brooklyn and Queens, 

 where 35 pumping stations are now re- 

 quired, most of the stations will be dis- 

 continued for the reason that the water 

 will be delivered through the aqueduct at 

 sufficient pressure to reach practically all 

 parts. Only in one or two sections will 

 pumping be necessary. 



From Hill View Reservoir the water 

 will flow through a tunnel 15 feet in 

 diameter. This will be narrowed to 14, 

 13, 12, and 11 feet, which is the diameter 

 of the rock timnel at Fort Greene Park, 

 Brooklyn, and at the intersection of Flat- 

 bush and Third Avenues. From there on 

 steel pipes, 5i feet in diameter and run- 

 ning down to 4 feet in diameter, will 

 carry the water to the Narrows, and 

 under New York Bay, at the Narrows, 

 the line will be only 3 feet in diameter. 

 This gradual shrinking of the aqueduct 

 reminds one of those large rivers that 

 flow out of the mountains in sufficient 

 volume to be navigable and even a menace 

 to the surrounding country in time of 

 flood, but which, when they reach the 

 deserts, are drunk up by the thirsty sands 

 and sucked by the torrid sun until they 

 vanish without any clearly defined ter- 

 minus or possibly flow in a sickly stream 

 to a small stagnant lagoon. Thus, when 

 the entire Catskill system is completed 





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44863°— SM 1913- 



