THE LARGER CANNA LEAF-ROLLER, 



Avards noted similar injury in several of the smaller public parks 

 of this cit}', shoAving- that the attack was not local, although more 

 severe on the department "rounds, which had attracted the but- 

 terflies from afar, doubtless owing to the much 

 larger jjarkage, .Caterpillars kept under observa- 

 tion had "sjoun up" for pupation by September 

 ;>, but at this time there Avere still many young 

 larva> present in garden plats, and there was 

 eA'idence that they had been at Avork at least as 

 late as the middle of August, Avhile the age of the 

 larva indicated that the butterflies had appeared 

 to lay their eggs late in July, but evidently not 

 earlier. The cause of this iuA^asion Avas appar- 

 ently that the summer of 1005 Avas an unusually 

 hot one. Heat favors an increase of insects of 

 this type. Prevailing southerly Avinds, however, 

 Avere probably more potent factors in causing 

 this migration from the Gulf region northward, 

 since .the summer of 1906 Avas still warmer, 

 but Avith much 

 greater humid- 

 ity, and under 

 these condi- 

 tions only one 

 ]Dupa was found 

 during that en- 

 tire year. 

 The attention of the Avriter Avas 

 attracted to injury by this spe- 

 cies by the large irregular areas 

 Avhich were cut away from the 

 margins of the canna leaAes, It 

 was then noticed that the larva 

 (fig. 1) begins operations by cut- 

 ting a small, more or less oblong 

 strip about one-half inch long 

 from the edge of a leaf and fold- 

 ing it neath^ over on the loAver sur- 

 face, (See fig. 2.) "Within this 

 flap, which is nearly flat, the 

 larA'a liA'es concealed, feeding 

 aboA'e and beloAv its retreat. As 



it increases its groAvth the larva makes large incisions in the leaf's 

 edge, Avith a correspondingly large flap (fig. 3). It is not until the 

 larva is considerably larger that it forms'large tubular retreats. (See 



Fig. ]. — The larsor 

 canna loaf - roller 

 {Cali>o(lcs clhtiii^} : 

 Full - .urown larva. 

 About one-tliird on- 

 larscd. (Orislnal.) 



Fig. 2. — Canna leaf showing, at left, injury 

 by an older larva of the larger canna 

 loaf-roller. ( Original, t 



