THE LARGER CAXNA LEAF-ROLLER. 6 



fig-, -i.) Rarely a larva folds a portion of the lower side of a leaf 

 over the upper surface. This operation may vary under different con- 

 ditions in other localities. 



The following year, 1907, this species came under the observation 

 of Mr. H. M. Russell, at Orlando, Fla., on August 24. At this time 

 he found all stages in great abundance on canna, the leaves of which 

 Avere being cut to pieces. Many plants were stripped of leaves down 

 to the midrib. 



A TROPICAL IXSECT, KILLKI) OF BY I'ROST. 



This species and its injuries have been known for many 3'ears, 

 yet only one comprehensive article on it has, to our knowledge, 

 appeared in an}- work on 

 economic entomology.^ al- 

 though the insect in its vari- 

 ous stages was described in 

 detail by Dr. S. H. Scudder 

 in his Butterflies of the 

 Eastern United States and 

 Canada.- The entire ap- 

 pearance of the insect from 

 the larval stage to the adult 

 is indicaHve of its tropical 

 origin, and it is still some- 

 what restricted to the South. 

 There is a possibility, how- 

 ever, that it may gradually 

 extend its present distribu- 

 tion if it can obtain a foot- 

 ing in greenhouses where 

 cannas are grown. 



During 1911, at AVash- 

 ington, D. C, the writei- 

 obtained many specimens of 

 rolled-up leaves of canna, some containing piij){ic and larva\ Novem- 

 ber 1 ; and later, November 3, after a frost of 28° F., 1 live pupa, 

 1 dead larva, and 2 dead pupiv were found. This material was' 

 placed under the same conditions as those under which it woidd 

 have remained where found — that is. in the open — but none had trans- 

 formed to bulterflios r.p to Xovemlx^r 22, showing quite conclusively 

 that this material, which was carefully handled, would naturallv 

 have died under the circumstances. In the parks, when the cannas 

 Avere cut. the immature stages in leaves were left for a dav or two 



Pin. 8. — Canna leaf showiug Injury by still oldor 

 larva" of tlio larjrer canna li'af-iMl]iT. (Oriir- 

 inal. ) 



iRuI. 54, Bur. Ent.. T'. S. Dopt. A; 

 incorporated in the pre.^cnt circular 

 2 Vol. II. pp. 17".0-1757, 1SW). 



pp. .-Kl-.-.S. 100.-,. Data from tliis article luivc l>een 



