THE MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT-FLY. 7 



fornia State Horticultural Commission of the establishment of the 

 pest in the island. General observations indicate that the insect 

 had been present in the island some two or three _years previous to its 

 discovery. It was first reared from oranges taken in Honolulu. The 

 Territorial Board of Agriculture and Forestry promulgated a regula- 

 tion (rule 7), which was signed by the governor Xovember 21, 1910, 

 prohibiting the shipment of fruits subject to infestation to other 

 islands of the territory. 



The California Horticultural Commission, upon notification of the 

 occurrence in Hawaii of the ^Mediterranean fruit-fly. promptly 

 adopted rigid inspection of fruits and vegetables received at San 

 Francisco. As a result infested fruits were frequently found, and 

 June 24, 1911, a quarantine order against Hawaii was issued barring 

 " * * * the importation of all fruits, vegetables, berries, seed pods, 

 etc., either cultivated in the orchards or gardens or growing wild 

 in the Hawaiian Islands, Avith the exception that pineapples, 

 bananas, and all root crops the edible portions of which during 

 growth have always been beneath the surface of the soil shall be ad- 

 mitted at the ports of the State of California after having been 

 duly inspected: Provided^ That any or all of these exempted fruits 

 or vegetables, if at any time hereafter shall be found to contain upon 

 inspection the egg, larvae, or pupa? of the fruit-fly {Ceratitis capi- 

 fafa), they shall be immediately included in the list of quarantined 

 fniits and vegetables." ^ 



During the summer of 1911 Mr. E. K. Carnes visited Hawaii and 

 spent some time in a thorough investigation of fruit-fly conditions 

 and gave a preliminary report of his investigation in the monthly 

 bulletin of the State Commission of Horticulture of California for 

 December, 1911, pages 5-13. The substance of this report later 

 appeared in the Proceedings of the Fortieth Fruit Growers' Con- 

 vention of the State of California, pages 71-78. In December. 1911, 

 Commissioner A, J. Cook dispatched to the island as a port inspector 

 to assist in preventing embarkation of infested fruit Mr. H. A. 

 Weinland, working in conjunction with Mr. Ehrhorn, superintendent 

 of entomolog}% and Mr. W. i\I. Giffard, director of the fruit-fly con- 

 trol. The plan of work adopted by the Hawaiian authorities has 

 been in the main that of eradication. The difficulties of the situation 

 are, however, enormous by reason of the irregular nature of the 

 country and the large list of fruits upon which the insect may sub- 

 sist. This situation is well pointed out by Carnes in his report in the 

 Proceedings of the Fortieth Fruit Growers" Convention of the State 

 of California, page 74, as follows: 



From the best antbentic information avnilnblo. it appenrs that tho Mediter- 

 ranean frnit-tly lias been on the Island of Oahn. npon which the city of Honolulu 



1 nortieulturnl stntutos of the State of California, 1912, p. 20. (Sacramento, 1912.) 

 50601°— Cir. IGO— 12 2 



