8 INSECT INJURIES TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 
UTILIZED PRODUCTS. 
Damage and loss from insect injuries to timber and other woodwork 
in structures of various kinds, to telephone and telegraph poles, posts, 
railroad ties, mine props, etc., can be prevented to a large extent 
through the adoption of the proper methods of management, or of 
treating the material with preservatives before and after it is utilized. 
TIMBERS AND WOODWORK IN STRUCTURES. 
Injuries to timbers and woodwork in dwellings, outbuildings, 
bridges, etc., by powder-post insects can be prevented as follows: 
(1) Use nothing but heartwood for the concealed parts most liable 
to damage. 
(2) If it is necessary to use all or part sapwood material, attack 
can be prevented by treating the sap portions with kerosene, coal tar, 
creosote, or linseed oil. Facilities for future treatment can be pro- 
vided wherever the rough or finished woodwork is exposed, as in 
outbuildings, bridges, etc., if care is taken to expose the sapwood 
portions. 
(3) If the untreated timbers and woodwork in old buildings show 
evidence of attack, the affected portions should be given a liberal 
application of kerosene. 
Damage by white ants, or termites, can often be prevented in the 
following ways: 
(1) By the use of nothing but sound wood for underpinning and 
foundation timbers and the removal of decaying timbers from old 
structures. 
(2) By preventing moist conditions of the wood in any part of the 
structure and especially that in foundation timbers. 
(3) By the treatment of timbers necessarily exposed to moist con- 
ditions with creosote, zine chlorid, corrosive sublimate, etc. 
(4) If the timbers become infested, further progress of insect dam- 
age can be prevented by removing the badly damaged parts and soak- 
ing the remainder with kerosene, fumigating with bisulphid of 
carbon, and by removing any adjacent decaying or other wood in 
which the insects have been breeding or may breed, such as logs, 
stumps, ete. 
Log cabins and rustic work.—Damage by bark and wood boring 
insects to the unbarked logs and poles used in rustic cabins, summer 
houses, fencés, etc., can be largely prevented by cutting the material 
in October and November and utilizing it at once, or by piling it off 
the ground or under cover in such a manner as to offer the best facil- 
ities for the rapid and thorough drying of the inner bark before the 
middle of March or the 1st of April following. If these necessary 
[Cir. 128] 
