30 REPORTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE. 
ductive of much good, and has enabled the Bureau to render more 
effective service in this field. Another of its agents has been con- 
ducting a campaign of education in the Middle West as to the merits 
of the South Atlantic and Gulf coast fishes which can be supplied 
in large quantities. In cooperation with other Government agencies, 
the Bureau has been instrumental in bringing Gulf coast fishes into 
Tennessee, Kentucky, and Indiana in carload lots at a time when it 
was difficult to obtain in that region satisfactory supplies of fresh 
fish at reasonable cost. Within two months of the inauguration of 
this service, about 200,000 pounds of fish were shipped and plans 
are being perfected for the extension of this kind of service to other 
sections. 
In order to bring newly introduced fishes or other products to the 
attention of the consuming public, it is necessary to conduct a sys- 
tematic and well-sustained advertising campaign. By the issuance 
and wide distribution of posters and placards devoted to particular 
fishes, by having the newer products tested by workers skilled in 
cookery to determine the best methods of preparation for the table, 
and by the printing, in inexpensive form, of cook books embodying 
the results of tests, the Bureau has been able to interest a large 
number of people in the merits of water products with which they 
were not previously acquainted. A still more direct appeal to the 
public has been the employment of well-qualified demonstrators for 
the purpose of educating housewives in fish cookery, teaching them 
to recognize the qualities of each kind of fish and prepare it in 
the manner best suited to its character, and showing how to utilize 
heads, bones, and other waste parts for savory sauces, soups, and 
chowders. On the Pacific coast the demonstrations have been ex- 
ceedingly popular and well patronized, and local fish dealers report 
much larger sales of cheaper fish in consequence of this work. Plans 
are being perfected for the extension of this service to other parts 
of the country. 
It has, as yet, been possible to form no reliable estimate of the 
actual results of the campaigns for the introduction of bowfin, drum, 
eulachon, menhaden, sharks, roe and buckroe, mussels, ete.; but, on 
the basis of fresh weight, it is known that upward of 32,500,000 
pounds of burbot, grayfish, sablefish, tilefish, whiting, and Scotch- 
cured Alaska herring were marketed in 1917, and most of this quan- 
tity can be attributed to the recent activities of the Bureau. 
Among the products in whose behalf there were special activities 
the following may be mentioned: 
Fish roe and buckroe.—The eggs of such fishes as the sturgeon and 
spoonbill catfish, or paddlefish, are made into caviar, which is classed 
among the most valuable of our fishery products. The roes of vari- 
ous others, such as cod, haddock, mullet, river herring, shad, and 
whitefish, are quite extensively used for food, either fresh, salted, or 
canned. On the other hand, large quantities of roe, and practically 
all of the buckroe or milt of marketed fishes, are wasted. These are 
essentially nitrogenous foods, with a considerable quantity of fat, 
and differ in composition but little from the flesh of the fish. They 
do, however, contain a larger quantity of an important constituent of 
food, organic phosphorous, in the form of lecithin. The buckroe, or 
milt roe, of the male, which corresponds to the egg mass of the female 
