FISHERY INDUSTRIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 149 
PRODUCTS BY APPARATUS. 
Many different forms of apparatus are used in the fisheries of 
California. Some of these, introduced by Italians, are similar to 
those used by them in their native country. Among these may be 
mentioned the paranzella net and lampara net, with which large 
catches are made. The different forms of apparatus will be described 
briefly in the order of their importance, based on the value of the 
catch. While pound nets rank as one of the important forms of 
apparatus used in the fisheries of Washington and Oregon. none was 
used in California in either 1915 or 1904. 
Lines.—Lines rank first both in the quantity and value of the 
catch which, in 1915, amounted to 34,872,139 pounds, with a value to 
the fishermen of $681,825. Of this output 28,431,372 pounds were 
taken in the shore, and the remainder in the vessel, fisheries. As 
compared with the last canvass by this Bureau for 1904, there is 
shown an increase of nearly 235 per cent in quantity and 149 per cent 
in value. This extraordinary increase may be traced mainly to the 
development of the albacore, or tuna, canning industry, which was 
in its infancy in 1904. A noticeable increase is also shown in the 
output of rockfishes and chinook salmon. The albacore fishery is 
confined almost exclusively to Los Angeles and San Diego Counties, 
the former furnishing more than 82 per cent of the State’s catch. 
The line fisheries of Monterey County are of noticeable importance 
and are divided between the hand-line or trolling fishery for chinook 
salmon and the trawl-line fishery for rockfishes. Most of the other 
species are taken incidentally along with the two just named. Troll- 
ing for chinook salmon in Monterey Bay has developed into an impor- 
tant industry within recent years. Power boats are commonly used 
in this fishery. Two poles, one a little longer than the other, are 
generally set mn sockets on each side of the boat, while two lines are 
set from the stern. As the boat moves slowly forward these lines 
are put out and in the above positions are clear of each other. To 
the other end of each pole is suspended a small tin can with a few 
pebbles in it. When a fish is hooked its struggles cause the pebbles in 
the can to rattle, and the fisherman then takes in the pole and pulls the 
fish in hand over hand. 
The trolling in Santa Cruz and Mendocino Counties also is worthy 
of mention. The trolling, as well as most of the other fishing from 
these two counties, is followed from Santa Cruz and Fort Bragg, 
respectively. 
Gill nets —Gill nets rank next to lines in the value of their catch, 
the latter in 1915 amounting to 21,317,668 pounds, valued at $676,062, 
credited mostly to the shore fisheries. As compared with 1904, an 
increase of 4,280,643 pounds in quantity and $54,974 in value is 
shown, the increase in quantity being traced mainly to the shad 
fishery of the Sacramento River. This species, however, did not 
give a proportionately increased value to the fisheries. There was 
a decided decline in the catch of chinook salmon with gill nets, but 
this was made up by increased catches of other species. Notwith- 
standing its decline, chinook salmon was still the most valuable 
epoca taken with gill nets in California, followed in importance by 
the striped bass, barracuda, shad, sea bass, and smelt. About 32 
species were taken with this apparatus, but those already mentioned 
