MINOR FUR INDUSTRIES. 109 



ANVIK. 



At the mouth of the Anvik River, about 200 miles below Nulato, 

 is the Anvik Episcopal mission. There is here a considerable settle- 

 ment of Indians who hunt and trap up the river and a short distance 

 in the adjacent country, catching mostly mink, foxes, and marten. 

 There is one small trading company which buys their catch. 



HOLY CROSS. 



Holy Cross, formerly called Koserefsky, a Catholic mission, one of 

 the largest on the Yukon, is about 50 miles below Anvik and near the 

 mouth of the Innoko River. There is here a considerable settlement 

 of Indians, mostly half-breeds. There is one store, owned by the 

 mission, also a school conducted by the mission. 



The country, so far as adaptability to fur animals is concerned, is 

 similar to that about Anvik. Directly across the river from Holy 

 Cross the Shageluck slough empties into the Yukon. Although in 

 the forested region, the country is flat and suitable for mink and 

 muskrat. There are several small Indian settlements at different 

 points on the slough, and several small traders have located among 

 them. Some little distance from the mission beaver occur in con- 

 siderable numbers, but the mission authorities do not permit them 

 to be killed except rarely for food. Mink, marten, muskrat, and otter 

 are the prmcipal furs obtained. 



About 40 miles below Holy Cross is a Russian post where there is a 

 single trader, and 20 miles farther down is another. 



This region is the beginnmg of the treeless zone. Marten and other 

 arboreal species are therefore not present. The principal species are 

 muskrat, mink, and foxes. The last trader referred to obtains 

 annually 200 to 300 foxes, 600 to 700 mink, and a larger number of 

 muskrats. 



ANDREAFSKI. 



This is a small post of no great importance, situated on the Yukon 

 at the mouth of a small river of the same name. There is one trading 

 company here. 



Andreafski is in the treeless tundra region. No trees are to be seen 

 anywhere, only the wide expanse of grass-covered tundra, full of 

 sloughs and ponds, extending to the mouth of the Yukon and 

 northward to Norton Sound. 



The only natives of this region are Eskimos, the dividing line 

 between them and the Indians being just below Holy Cross. The 

 Eskimos are a better class than the Indians, being cleaner, more 

 Uidustrious, and more thrifty. 



The muskrat is the most abundant fur animal in the tundra region. 

 Red foxes are common and an occasional white fox is seen. The 

 Eskimos are the only trappers in the region, and as a consequence 



