FUR-SEAL INDUSTRY. ’ 93 
NUMBER AND DISTRIBUTION OF DEeap Pups 1N 1916—Continued. 
Percentage of dead. 
Rookery. soa Oe 
1916 1915 
= 
ST. PAUL ISLAND—continued. 
ee UIT een ite a cies ein ig Steere Se wiv ois assis sin \sie S)a ajs/bin'sie sini 6, 277 150 2.38 1.69 
Zapadni Reefs. <1. - 22-2. ---- = =< 322 esos see eee tenons 266 4 1.50 1.37 
ECS EXOUE 3 < * Sepa BS Ree Se cies Seger ae roe ee 4,744 113 2.38 1.7. 
EPTg habe GIES aS A ae Ae ae eee eee ee ae 1,683 20 1.18 -58 
PtlOreOlOvitine nee eee ae eee ee ae Set Sess ele 1,074 15 1.39 Tha3} 
PRONTO Vie ere sae So eB Orn ain ela Sa AIS we ouie ein ate 2,761 44 1.59 1.58 
MOStOCHiNens 525-2 4e0er cl s2h ae Mase Deemer scenace ese ose ace 24, 387 904 3. 70 2.75 
3 (lane eet Pee Sime nanan ee nes 98, 855 2,170 2.19 1. 82 
ST. GEORGE ISLAND. 
IPE 2 cde ONS Pe We rae ae eee oe cat oe eee tt 6, 246 124 1.98 1.90 
Boats: PAS So) pe Se Pe nh pte Soo sins tora/a\oa's se afine ici 5, 545 85 1.53 1.19 
PER LG) Te erate ae Ee Sat = Soe vice oes ojos k Saar Seto ae 965 8 82 1b t 
“DUCT ts Se SS SE SR BP ey te SES cic eee eee LOE ae cate elie creme Meltiae's ae 
LOVEE LEE GN ee SSS a eine ie a, SO Tae SE As Se ee oe 1,585 17 1.07 28 
TSjD31). CLT Rte Se Os [reo eer oeeerene BeRenEeeE Ee asaer 3, 762 78 2.07 .89 
BO eee aR Se IE oo ee ae atte 3 Steere talweick eran Sn OSS 18, 122 312 1,72 1.32 
Dip ote SANG See esa 50 05s boas gees oss snc eee hee one esses | 98, 855 2,170 2.19 _ 1.82 
Minh COLDER SLANG 2a s sone nee tense he sca ose e as ot Sae ~ <0 | 18,122 312 1.72 1.32 
Opal NOLOMSIANOS: 2800 ot. Bot oe cece octtaoe eit ae ie aeicet 116,977 2,482 2.12 1.74 
The number of pups which were killed as a result of counting this class of animals 
was 27. It was impossible to control the pups so as to obviate all danger to them, part 
of the difficulty arising from the large number of vicious bulls present. The propor- 
tion of those killed in taking the census to the number born was less than 1 to 4,000. 
LocaTIoNn AND NuMBER oF Pups Wuicu Diep as Direcr RESULT oF Count IN 1916. 
Number. 
Rookery. iileds Cause. 
LSTA TT STE) BAe ee ee ame 1 | Smothering. 
MERLE, EES) ei es a een a li a eR REE 1 | Trampling by bull. 
Eee nea tee a a ep enn cine ek oh cotla ak aes 16 | Drowning and smothering. 
5a ale USL Ae SAE end kil See aS, ard Cbeplfhe 3 Bnothenne. 
ee hee ween Ly a Te c= ourds neces rowning 
Polovuia WHS Tat Be JAD eI Se en ear te RS a ee 1 ; Smothering. 
Ve DSHOE TENG S rp ate 0 WI a Ae Sh fe 2 Do. 
Mine bar(ST2| GOOLE) tee caer anne set ee nse mitoceone 2 | Drowning. 
RGGI AS ch IER ne OR 1 A NN 8 Seca 27 
Breeding cows.—This class of seals is made up of females 3 years of age and upward. 
Since no cow gives birth to more than one pup in a year, the number of animals in 
this class in a given year can not be less than the number of pups born that year. The 
number of pups born in 1916 was found to be 116,977, which may be taken as the num- 
ber of breeding cows. While taking the pup census, 79 dead cows were found. 
Considerable numbers of cows which were branded in 1912, when they were pups, 
were seen on the rookeries in 1916. 
Harem bulls and idle bulls.—The counts of these animals on the rookeries were made 
for St. Paul Island on July 16,17, 18, and 19 and for St. George Island on July 19 and 
20. The dates on which the corresponding counts were made in 1915 were July 17, 
18, 19, and 21 and July J9 and 20. The close correspondence of the dates makes the 
results properly comparable. 
The counting of the bulls was attended with considerable difficulty and danger, and 
resort was had to various methods of procédure in order to secure accurate results. 
A great deal of fighting among the bulls was observed on all the rookeries. 
The boundaries of the breeding areas were plotted on Coast and Geodetic Survey 
charts. 
