96 ALASKA FISHERIES AND FUR INDUSTRIES IN 1916. 
were made for natural mortality in the preceding year. This loss is known to be small 
and is believed to be more than offset by ample deductions made for the first three — 
years in the life of these seals. 
Bachelor and young bull counts.—At the time of the height-of-the-season harem 
counting the seals on the several hauling grounds were counted, and the area occupied 
by them was plotted on Coast and Geodetic Survey charts. This area was found to 
have increased to a large extent over that of the previous year. 
The enumeration of hauling-ground seals must be considered in the light of a check 
upon other methods of computation rather than as a method of obtaining definite 
figures. In the first place the counts can not be made simultaneously on all the 
rookeries unless more assistance be provided than is now available, and, secondly, 
precise information is not at hand as to the percentage of these seals which are on land 
atany one time. It was formerly believed that only about 20 per cent of the bachelors 
were on land at one time. If this be a correct assumption it would appear that the 
number of bachelors and young bulls deduced from the known birth rates is less than 
the number which actually exists and is, therefore, on the side of safety. 
CoMPLETE CENSUS OF FUR SEALS IN 1916. 
Pups, as per count July 26 to August 15....--.-.-..-2.---------+-----2 22-2 116, 977 
Breeding cows, 3, yeats| ol age and! OVer-; -<.W225--2-- 9 --ee e  ee 116, 977 
Harem bulls, in active service, as per counts July 16 to 20...............-- 3, 500 
Idle bulls, in position for harem service but without cows, as per counts July 
AG wtO ZO eke 8 Bee) 2 a es a Sri ote Sinytoy care ate = ae 2, 632 
Yearlings, male and female: 
Pups, both sexes, bomam 19L52¢ 2... 4. -- tee - eee ee i = = 103, 527 
Deduction for natural mortality in first year, 35 per cent.....- 36, 234 
Vearlings; both sexes;am! V9NGiee: Seb eee. eee ae 67, 293 
Yearling females, one-half of total yearlings...........-...----- 33, 646 
—— 33, 646 
Yearling males, one-half of total yearlings... - - - PEA ern rs 
Yearling malea killedaim 1916.2 \:.. 238-0. Pee o8 2 eee Soe 2 
Yearline males; Aug 10) 1916.2... se -- 0 = Remenie «opie ga eee 33, 645 
2-year-olds, male and female: 
Pops, both sexes, born in 19145. 2 -). S22... ee ==) Eee = 93, 250 
Deduction for nee mortality in first year, 35 4 per cent....... 32, 637 
Vearlines sbothsexes; in: tOiorestr ce. eee nto eee eee ces 60, 613 
Deduction:for. males, 50. percents. cers 2c se ee See see 30, 307 
Weaning females an 190.2 ect eeiemee eS e2  80R306 
Deduction for natural mortality in second year, 20 per cent.... 6, 061 
2-year-old females in 1916.........-..-------------++22+-eeeee esses 24, 245 
Wonrine gales tn lla Me ee ee ee fete ees ee ee ae 30, 307 : 
Yearling males lilled’in 19'S. °. 72 Ts 22.) eee eee eee 2 
Yearling malesiaticlose of 1912 . 02.) -.i22). 222-3. 2+ ae Soe ---- 30,305 
Deduction for natural mortality in second year, 20 per cent.... 6, 061 
2-year-old malesin 1916...2..... 2.2. ss202--------=-052-sssss 24, 244 
2-year-old males killed in 1916.......-.------------+-++--++-+0- 75 
2-year-old males, Aug. 10 1916..............2--0-seceeeceees skecee ) aepulam 
