PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 11 
southern river in which this species is known to run in any considerable 
numbers, entering the river with the spring run of chinooks. From 
here south the species is called blueback exclusively. A considerable 
run enters the Quinault River, Wash., and there is also a small run 
in Ozette Lake, just south of Cape Flattery. 
In the Puget Sound region, where it is known as the sockeye, 
this species ascends only the Skagit River in commercial numbers, 
although a small run appears in the Lake Washington system of 
lakes and, possibly, in the Snohomish, Stillaguamish, and Nooksack 
Rivers. 
The greatest of all the sockeye streams is the Fraser River, Brit- 
ish Columbia, and this stream has been famous from very early 
days for its enormous runs of this species, a peculiar feature of 
which is that there is a marked quadrennial periodicity in the run. 
The maximum run occurs the year following leap year, the minimum 
on the year following that. The greater part of the catch of the 
Puget Sound fishermen is made from this run as it is passing through 
Washington waters on its way to the Fraser. The ‘fish strike in 
during July and August on the southwest coast of Vancouver Island, 
apparently coming from the open sea to the northwest. They pass 
the Straits of Juan de Fuca, Rosario, and Georgia, spending con- 
siderable time in the passage and about the mouth of the river. 
Small numbers run as early as May and as late as October, but the 
main body enters about the first week in August. 
The sockeye occurs in most of the coastal streams of British 
Columbia, and is usually the most abundant species. The prin- 
cipal streams frequented are the Skeena, Rivers Inlet, Nass, Lowe 
Inlet, Dean Channel, Namu Harbor, Bella Coola, Smith Inlet, Alert 
Bay, and Alberni Canal. 
In Alaska, where this fish is generally known as-the red salmon, 
it is abundant and runs in great numbers in all suitable streams, 
of which, in southeast Alaska, the following are the most important: 
Boca de Quadra, Naha, Yes Bay, Thorne Bay, Karta Bay, Nowiskay, 
Peter Johnson, Hessa, Hetta, Hunter Bay, Klawak, Redfish Bay, 
Stikme, Taku, Chilkoot, Chilkat, Alsek, Situk, Ankow, ete.; in 
central Alaska, Copper, Knik, Kenai, Susitna, Afognak, Karluk, 
Alitak, Chignik; in the Bristol Bay region, the Ugashik, Ugaguk, 
Naknek, Kvichak, Nushagak, and Wood. It also occurs in the 
Togiak, Kuskokwim, and Yukon Rivers, which debouch into Bering 
Sea, and probably occurs in the Arctic streams of Alaska. The run 
in western Alaska begins usually early in June and extends generally 
to the-early part of August. It begins earlier in Prince William 
Sound, however, and sometimes extends into September in southeast 
Alaska. The duration of the run averages about the same in each 
section. 
