PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 19 
increased until now only the severe weather of winter prevents them 
from fishing. However, the halibut trawls occasionally come up 
during the season with king salmon on them, showing that they are 
still on the ground. _ 
The above is also true to a certain extent of the waters of British 
Columbia and, Puget Sound and to a lesser extent, so far as has been 
disclosed, of Monterey Bay and the Oregon coast. 
It has been known for some years that the silver, or coho, salmon 
would also take the hook under practically the same conditions as the 
king salmon, and the only reason this species has not been fished for 
to the same extent as the king has been because it was not large 
enough to be attractive to the mild curers, and hence there was a 
much lesser demand for it. 
It had been supposed that the other species did not feed when in 
coastal waters, but Marsh and Cobb @ state quite differently: 
Other species of salmon, in addition to the king, are found to take the trolling hook. 
For several weeks in July trollersin Union Bay, in southeast Alaska, caught a number 
of cohos and humpbacks while trolling for kings. The humpbacks were caught 
mainly with aspoon, no bait being used. Most of them appeared to have been feeding 
on needlefish and herring, according to the cutter who dressed them. A few red 
salmon are reported to have been caught on the trolling line by fishermen operating 
for king salmon in the neighborhood of Mary Island, near Dixon Entrance. Several 
fishermen report having in previous years frequently taken dog salmon on a hook in 
the bays along Chatham Strait. 
In 1909, Mr. J. R. Heckman, of Ketchikan, Alaska, a well-known 
cannery man, told the writer that, while he was trying to install a 
floating trap near Cape Chacon, at the lower end of Prince of Wales 
Island, southeast Alaska, he on several occasions observed red salmon 
feeding on what he called a red shrimp. 
This was also observed in 1912, when Dr. Gilbert reported, in 
connection with his observations of salmon fishing on Swiftsure Bank, 
off the Straits of San Juan de Fuca, that “during the past summer it 
was observed by Mr. J. P. Babcock and the writer that the sockeye on 
the bank were feeding extensively on a small shrimplike crustacean 
(Thysanoessa sprnifera, Holmes), which floats in incredible numbers 
on the tides and forms a favorite food for the other species as well as 
for the sockeye.’ ® He also found all the other species feeding vora- 
ciously in this neighborhood. 
These observations would tend to confirm the belief which has been 
steadily growing in favor for some years that the salmon either spend 
the greater part of their life in the bays, straits, and sounds, or else in 
regions adjacent to the coast line. 
« The fisheries of Alaska in 1909. By Millard C. Marsh and John N. Cobb. U.S. Bureau of Fisheries. 
Document no. 730, p. 26. 
> The salmon on Swiftsure Bank. By Charles H. Gilbert. Report of British Columbia Commissioner 
of Fisheries for year ending Dec. 31, 1912, p. 116, 
