24 PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 
and $3,000,000 debentures. Subsequently the management effected 
an exchange of preferred stock for debentures, increasing the for- 
mer to about $7,500,000 and decreasing the debentures to about 
$1,650,000. 
The new company purchased a number of canneries in Alaska, also 
the followmg Puget Sound plants: Pasific American Fisheries Co.'s 
canneries at Fairhaven (now Bellingham) and Friday Harbor; the 
Ainsworth & Dunn canneries at Blaine and Seattle, and the Fair- 
haven Packing Co. cannery at Fairhaven. 
The company had a very short career, ending up in the bank- 
ruptcy courts in 1903, and when all its affairs were wound up the 
stockholders received nothing, while the bondholders got but an 
exceedingly paltry sum out of all the money put into it. 
Most of the canneries secured on Puget Sound were repurchased by 
their former owners or by new people. 
From this time on the industry fluctuated considerably, 41 can- 
neries, an increase of 10 over 1914, being operated in 1915. 
During the early years of sockeye canning they were not sold to 
the trade as sockeyes, but as Alaska reds and Columbia River salmon, 
for which there had been an established market for some years. 
H. Bell-Irving & Co., now of Vancouver, British Columbia, were 
the pioneers in the labeling of the fish as sockeyes, this being in 
1894-95. Like all virtually new products, sockeye salmon had a 
hard fight for several years to secure a foothold in the salmon markets, 
and it was not until the Spanish-American war in 1898 caused a heavy 
demand for canned foods that its position became finally established. 
Queets Rwver.—This river, which is about 35 miles long, rises in the 
northern part of Jefferson County and empties directly into the ocean 
in the northwestern part of Chehalis County, within the bounds of the 
Quinault Indian Reservation. A small salmon cannery was built at 
Queets, in Jefferson County, in 1905. 
Soleduck River.—This is a small stream, about 30 miles in length, 
which flows through the southwestern part of Clallam County and 
empties directly into the ocean. The Quillayute Indian Reservation 
is located here and the natives formerly caught salmon and marketed 
them on Puget Sound, but a small cannery, started at Mora, on this 
river, in 1912 and operated each season since, has furnished a market 
for the catch. 
Quinault Rwer.—This river, which enters the ocean in the north- 
western part of Chehalis County, has a length from the ocean to 
Quinault Lake of about 40 miles, wholly within the boundaries of 
the Quinault Indian Reservation. 
This stream is especially noted for its long-continued annual run 
of Quinault salmon (O. nerka). These fish, which are noted for 
their especially red-colored flesh, make their appearance early in 
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