89 PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 
Packing Co., Astoria; Columbia Canning Co., aad J. W. & V. Cook, 
Clifton, were combined under the name of the Columbia River 
Packers Association. In 1899 the association built a new cannery 
at Rooster Rock. Mr George was with the association until his 
death, but Mr. Barker left it to become general manager of the 
British Columbia Packers Association. where he is at present, the 
dean of the Pacific coast cannerymen. 
At the present time (1915) there are 19 canneries in operation 
on the river, while large quantities of salmon are also frozen, mild 
cured, pickled, smoked, and sold fresh in the markets of the world. 
Commercial fishing is carried on mainly between the mouth of the 
Columbia and Celilo, a distance of about 200 miles, and in the Wil- 
lamette River. The most of it is in the lower part of the river, 
within about 40 miles of its mouth. Bakers Bay, on the Washington 
or north side, and just within the river’s mouth, is the favorite 
ground for pound-net fishing. The principal gill-net drifting 
ground is from the river’s mouth to about 20 miles above Astoria, 
but drifting is done wherever convenient reaches are found much 
farther up the river. Most of the drag seines are hauled on the sandy 
bars in the river near Astoria, which are uncovered at low water. 
Wheels are operated in the upper river above the junction of the 
Willamette with the main river. 
Astoria is. the principal center for all branches of the mdustry, but 
more especially for canning. Other places in addition to Astoria 
at which canneries are located are Ilwaco, Eagle Cliff, Altoona, 
Brookfield, Pillar Rock, and Cathlamet, on the Washington shore, and 
at Warrendale, Rooster Rock, and Seuferts, on the Oregon shore. 
OREGON. 
Necanicum Creek.—This short stream is in Clatsop County and 
enters the Pacific Ocean about 10, miles south of the Columbia River. 
Its fisheries are of small importance. 
Nehalem River—The Nehalem is a small coastal river that rises 
in the mountains of Clatsop and Columbia Counties, and flows into 
the Pacific Ocean in the northern part of Tillamook County. As early 
as 1887 there was a small cannery here, and the business has been 
followed ever since. In 1911 an additional plant was built and both 
have operated each year since, except in 1913, when one was shut down. 
Tillamook Bay and River.—Tillamook River is a very short stream 
which enters Tillamook Bay, the latter being in Tillamook County 
and about 45 miles south of the mouth of the Columbia River. 
Fishing is carried on mainly in the bay. The earliest record we 
have of canneries on this bay is of 1886, when two were in operation. 
From 1891 to 1910 but one was operated, but in 1911 another plant 
was started, and both have been operated each season since, except 
in 1913, when one was shut down. 
