> PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 83 
Nestueca River.—This stream enters the ocean in the southwestern 
part of Tillamook County. A cannery operated here in 1887 and the 
business has been carried on each season with but one imtermission 
since 1905. 
Siletz River.—This river has its source in the mountains of Polk 
County and efiters the ocean in the northern part of Lincoln County. 
The commercial development of the fisheries was hampered for 
many years owing to the fact that the river was within the boun- 
daries of what was then the Siletz Indian Reservation. The first 
cannery was established here in 1896, and it has operated nearly 
every season since. 
Yaquina Bay and River.—The Yaquina (‘“‘crooked’’) River is 
about 60 miles long; its general course is nearly west through the 
county of Benton. ‘The river is narrow throughout the greater part 
of its length. A few miles from its mouth it suddenly broadens out 
into an estuary from one-half to three-fourths of a mile wide, which 
is commonly called Yaquina Bay. The river enters the Pacific about 
100 miles south of the Columbia. 
Salmon canning was begun on this river in 1887, when two small 
canneries were constructed. The next year an additional plant was 
erected. The business has fluctuated considerably since then and 
there is now but one cannery, which has not been operated since 1911. 
The fishing grounds are all in the bay and the lower section of 
the river. The fishermen of this section are fortunate in that they 
have railroad communication with the outside world, the only place 
on the ocean side of Oregon, except Tillamook, so situated. In 1915 
another railroad line from Eugene to the mouth of the Siuslaw River, 
at which point it connected with a line to the Coquille River, was 
opened for traffic. 
Alsea Bay and Rwer.—Alsea River rises in the southwestern part 
of Benton County, and flows in nearly a northwesterly direction to 
the Pacific, a distance of about 60 miles. Like the Yaquina, the 
“bay” is merely a broadening out of the river just inside its mouth. 
The first cannery was established in 1886 and by 1888 there were 
three in operation. For many years but one was operated. In 1911 
and each season since two canneries have been operated. 
The best fishing grounds are from the mouth of the river to about 
5 miles inland. 
Siuslaw River.—This river has its source in the mountains of 
Lane County, and its course lies first in a northwesterly direction and 
then to the westward until the Pacific is reached. Through part of 
its course it is the dividing line between Lane and Douglas Counties. 
As early as 1878 there were two canneries operated on this river, 
but from 1879 till 1888 there are no data available showing the ex- 
tent of the fisheries. In 1896 A. W. Hurd built a cannery which was 
