PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 51 
Jacob Louth established a saltery on the south arm of Moira Sound 
about 1900 and operated it for some years. 
John ©. Frey established a saltery on Etoline Island in the nineties 
and ran it until bis death in 1904, when John H. Mantle purchased 
and operated it until about 1910. 
Anderson & King built a saltery on Cholmondeley Sound, Prince of 
Wales Island, in the nineties. In 1904 it was operated under the 
name of A. E. Kinge After Mr. King’s death his widow operated it 
from 1906 to 1909. In 1910 the saltery was purchased by C. A. 
Burckhardt & Co., who built a cannery on the site and began opera- 
tions in 1911. In 1912 the name was changed to the Alaska Pacific 
Fisheries. 
The Alaska Fish & Development Co. built asaltery on Pleasant Bay, 
Admiralty Island, in 1903, and operated it from 1903 to 1905. In 
1907 it was operated by the Alaska-American Fish Co., but has been 
closed since. 
Yakutat Bay is the only harbor available for vessels from Cape 
Spencer to Prince William Sound. In 1902 C. A. Fredericks & Co., of 
Seattle, Mulvey & Wilson, of Yakutat, Jewell Fish Co., and Ankow 
Fish Co. all established salteries here. While their primary purpose 
was the salting of herring, considerable salmon was also salted. These 
plants operated only the one season. 
In 1904 the Yakutat & Southern Railway Co. built a cannery here. 
This plant is noted for being the only one that hauls its fish by railway 
from the fishing streams to the cannery. The railroad is a little over 
9 miles in length, and for some years an engine which had seen service 
on the elevated railroads of New York City and was discarded when 
the latter were electrified was used. A more modern engine is now in 
use. The fish are carried in open freight cars. Later this company 
was purchased by Gorman & Co., and now is the property of Libby, 
McNeill & Libby, although operated under the original name. 
PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND AND COPPER RIVER. 
The great indentation known as Prince William Sound, and the 
Copper River delta, a short distance south of the sound, have not 
been exploited as much as many other portions of Alaska, due largely 
to the limited means of transportation and the consequent pte 
expense of operation. 
The principal source of salmon supply is the Copper River, which 
has its source far back in the interior and discharges through its 
numerous mouths an immense quantity of water. 
Owing to the constantly shifting shoals in the delta, special knowl- 
edge is needed in navigating them, while special flat-bottomed vessels 
are required as run boats. The gill net is the only important appa- 
ratus in use. 
