PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 15 
The Columbia River is a typical example of such a stream. Com- 
mercial fishing is usually considered as ending at Celilo, about 150 
miles from the mouth. As a matter of fact, salmon fishing for market 
or for home use is carried on to a considerable extent along the main 
river and also on the Snake and the Yakima, tributaries of the 
Columbia. “In nearly all cases hook and line and spears are used 
alone, but on the Snake River, near Lewiston, in Idaho, are several 
rather important haul-seine fisheries. Fishing is carried on at these 
places in the spring for steelhead trout and in the fall for chinook and 
silver salmon and steelhead trout. As many as 25 salmon have been 
taken at one time. While this may seem a small number to one 
habituated to the large catches farther down the river, in the aggre- 
gate it amounts to a considerable quantity. 
Considerable local fishing is carried on along the various Oregon 
streams above the sections usually fished by commercial fishermen. 
Most of this is done by ranchers living along the streams, and while 
by far the greater part is for home consumption a small proportion 
is sold. 
On the Yukon River and its tributaries considerable salmon fishing 
is prosecuted. Much of this is done by natives for the use of them- 
selves and their dogs, but at places white fishermen operate for a 
portion of the year and sell their catches in near-by settlements or at 
the mining camps. No effort has ever been made to secure statistics 
of the extent of this fishery. 
