88 PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 
The Monterey Bay (Cal.) trollers use 48 cotton line generally. A 
few inches below the main lead an additional line is added, with a 
small sinker on it.’ This gives two lines and hooks, and as the main 
line has but the one lead, and that above the junction with the branch 
line, it floats somewhat above the latter, which is weighted down 
with a sinker. The main stem is about 20 fathoms in length, while 
the branch lines are about 5 fathoms each. These lines cost about 
$3.50 each. No spoon is used, but bait almost invariably. A few 
fishermen use a spread of stout steel wire, 4 feet long, with 5 or 6 
feet of line on each end of the spread, two lies and hooks. 
On the upper Sacramento River (mainly at Redding and Keswick) 
some fishing is done with hand lines. A small catch was made here 
in 1908, but none were so caught in 1909. 
Even as early as 1895 trolling was carried on in the Siuslaw River, 
Oreg., for chinook and silver salmon. 
About 1912 the fishermen living along the lower Columbia River 
discovered that salmon could be taken by ‘trolling off the bar. A 
number of them went into the business regularly, while their num- 
bers were greatly swelled by the addition of many of the net fisher- 
men during the regular closed seasons on the river, these not applying 
to trollers. Some idea of the growth of this fishery off the Columbia 
River Bar may be gained when it is stated that in September, 1915, 
about 500 boats were engaged in it. 
At Oregon City and other places on the Willamette River a num- 
ber of chinook salmon are caught by means of trolling each year, 
mainly by sportsmen. A spoon is quite generally employed in place 
of bait. The fishermen claim that the salmon are not feeding at 
this time, as their stomachs are shriveled up. 
For a number of years the Indians living at the reservation on 
Neah Bay, Wash., have annually caught large numbers of silver and 
chinook salmon in the Strait of Juan de Fuca. <A large number of 
white fishermen also engage in this fishery at the present time in 
the same waters, while others troll for the same species, but more 
particularly silvers, in parts of Puget Sound proper. ‘The ordinary 
trolling line, with a spoon instead of bait, is used. 
Many of the trollers use power boats, and in this event four and 
sometimes six lines are used. One and sometimes two short poles 
are run out from each side of the boat (when two are used on a side, 
one is shorter than the other), the butt being dropped into a chock. 
Two lines are generally trailed from the stern. At the end of each 
pole is a very short line with a small tin can attached. A few peb- 
bles are in the can, and as the launch moves slowly through the 
water with all her lines set, the troller knows when he has a bite by 
the rattling of the pebbles in the can. Eacn of the lines attached 
to a pole is also connected with the boat by a short line from the 
a ee 
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