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PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 89 
side of the latter to a point on the line about 20 feet from where it 
is attached to the pole. Whena fish is hooked, the fisherman merely 
pulls in the line by means of the short piece and then can haul the 
fish in hand over hand. 
The most remarkable trolling region is in southeast Alaska. .For 
some years thé Indians here had been catching king salmon for 
their own use durmg the spring months, and about the middle of 
January, 1905, king salmon were noticed in large numbers in the 
vicinity of Ketchikan. Observing the Indians catching these, sey- 
eral white fishermen decided to engage in the pursuit, shipping 
the product fresh to Puget Sound ports. They met with such 
success that 271,644 pounds, valued at $15,600, were shipped. The 
next year several of the mild-cure dealers established plants in 
this region, thus furnishing a convenient and profitable market for 
the catch, and as a result the fishery has grown until in 1915 
2,170,400 pounds of king salmon and 54,400 pounds of coho salmon 
were caught and marketed. The length of the fishing season has 
also lengthened until now the business is prosecuted vigorously 
during about seven months in the year, and in a desultory manner 
for two or three months more, only the severe winter weather pre- 
venting operations the rest of the year. 
In southeast Alaska the fishermen generally use either the Hen- 
dryx Seattle trout-bait spoon no. 5 or the Hendryx Puget Sound 
no. 8. The former comes in nickel or brass or nickel and brass, the 
full nickel preferred. The Siwash hook no. 9/0, known as the Vic- 
toria hook in British Columbia, is in quite general use. As a rule, 
but one hook is used, and this hangs from a ring attached to a swivel 
just above the spoon, while the point of the hook comes a little below 
the bottom of the spoon. Occasionally double or treble hooks are 
used. Some fishermen use bait, and when this is done the herring, 
the bait almost universally employed, is so hooked through the body 
as, when placed in the water, to stretch out almost straight and face 
forward as in life. 
There are a large number of power-boat trollers in this region. 
These trollers generally use one pole on a side and one at the stern. 
The rowboat trollers use but one line, which is attached to a thwart 
in the boat, handy to their reach when rowing, and trailing out from 
the stern of the boat. 
The trollers usually have temporary camps where they congregate 
while the fish are to be found in that section, moving on to some more 
favorable spot when the fish begin to get scarce. 
Reports from the trollers of southeast Alaska prove that all species 
of salmon will take the hook at some time or other in the salt waters 
of this region, an examination of their stomachs generally showing 
that they are either feeding or in a condition to feed. 
