VI. THE SALMON FISHERIES OF JAPAN. 
Outside of Karafuto (that portion of Sakhalin Island, south of 50° 
north latitude, which belongs to Japan) and the Kuril Islands, the 
salmon fisheries of Japan are comparatively small, the principal por- 
tion of the immense catches made by Japanese fishermen being along 
the coasts of Siberia and Karafuto. 
All of the five species of salmon found on the American side are 
to be found in the waters of Sakhalin during the usual spawning 
periods. 
The chum salmon (O. keta), which is known in Japan as “‘sake,”’ and 
when canned as “pink” salmon, is to be found on Hokkaido Island, 
running up the various streams for spawning purposes from Septem- 
ber to December. 
On the same island is to be found also the masu (O. masou), a 
salmon, according to Dr. Jordan,* very similar to the humpback, 
the scales being a little larger, the caudal fin without black spots, 
and the back usually immaculate. It is fairly abundant in the 
streams of Hokkaido, the island formerly known as Yezo, and is 
found nowhere else in the world. The author had an opportunity 
to examine a dry-salted masu (it might be well to state here that in 
Japanese masu means “‘trout’’) at the fish house of the Royal Fish 
Co., in Vancouver, British Columbia, in January, 1916. The mana- 
ger, Mr. Emy, had imported the fish from his own country. Both 
in size and general appearance it closely resembled a humpback 
salmon, and when cut open the flesh had the same coloring obsery- 
able in our humpback. This species, and the true humpback found 
in more northern waters, especially in Siberia, are dry-salted in 
immense numbers and are generally marketed under the name of 
“white trout”’ or “‘salmon trout.” 
In Japan the “red trout’? seem to be our rainbow and brook 
trouts, which were introduced into Japanese waters some years ago. 
The red salmon (O. nerka) is to be found landlocked in Lake Akan in 
the northern part of the island. It is smaller in size than the sea 
species. ‘This species has been introduced into the waters of Honshu. 
_ The section of this report devoted to the salmon fisheries of Siberia 
treats quite fully of the activities of the Japanese in that quarter. 
In Sakhalin, or Karafuto, as it is called in Japan, the Japanese 
have had a rather checkered career. At one time this island belonged 
to the Chinese Empire. Early in the nineteenth century the southern 
a Fishes, by David Starr Jordan. p. 296. N. Y., 1907. 
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