216 PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 
and as they grow much faster for frequent feeding great care should 
be taken to see that they are well fed. If not fed sufficiently they 
will bite at one another and cause more or less mortality among 
themselves. 
A big advantage in connection with the use of natural ponds is the 
comparatively small expense involved in providing for them as com- 
pared with the large expense involved in the construction of cement 
ponds. 
FOOD. 
In feeding salmon fry almost every conceivable food has been 
utilized. By universal consent liver is conceded to be the best food 
for the fry, as it can be ground finer than other foods and the blood 
which it contains is highly nutritious. At many places, however, it 
is impossible to secure liver, while its cost when available is generally 
prohibitive. 
The food used is generally that most available and which experi- 
ence has shown that the fry like and upon which they thrive. 
In Oregon @ it has been found that the extremely young fry thrived 
on a mixture of ground dried salmon and mush (composed of mid- 
dlings and other wheat products). Milk curds from near-by cream- 
eries also proved satisfactory. The older fish are fed on ground 
smelt, lamprey eels, spent salmon, both dried and salted, and offal 
from the canneries, some loose and some packed in 1-gallon cans. 
SALMON HATCHERIES ON THE PACIFIC COAST. 
Below is shown a list of the salmon and steelhead-trout hatcheries 
operated on the Pacific coast during the year 1915: 
Hatcheries. Collecting stations. Hatcheries. Collecting stations. 
U.S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES— 
U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES. adatiiad! 
ne: Eagle Lak bilan se aye 
vagle e. aker Ose ese see 
Afognak .. ++-e-e+e-+-+--- {Geeik Lake. Birdsview...-... £ eee ae 
WOCSLDSY scecse sssasseesee Ketchikan Creek. Darrington....... eeeeeeee 
California: Day Creekis:¢t) giesenete 
Balirde cas sone sae cieceenct Duckabush ae 
Battle Creek. --.2../.W(/2 THsbotts-Veeer: 3 
Hornbrook......... sitcese : Qunlcene=secene ees att hee 
Milli@reek< > 5.2 Iia-ee- 2 Sultans sai se. fee eS aS 
Oregon: Big White Salmon....... 
Clackamas=<i-; .cecacestue Eagle Creek. Little White Salmon..... 
Applegate..........-.+... shelecent Tanner STATE OF CALIFORNIA. 
Tinois:River::3- 222.2222 SISSON Seats wisp wine's sideesjes ec eae 
Lower Rogue River. Brookdaless re. slice eens 
Rogue River .....-.- re Pyree Creak” |. ..c.cacveaseeee 
Willamette River-....... Wikighy. .Gilia cele ee Snow Mountain. 
a Rearing and feeding salmon fry in Oregon. By R.E. Clanton. Trans. Pac. Fish. Soc., 1914, p. 91-94. 
Seattle, 1915. 
