- 
246 PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 
and the Birkenhead River, 4 miles above its confluence with the 
eastern branch of the Lillooet River, which in turn discharges into 
Lillooet Lake. In 1907 a hatchery was built on Stuart Lake, near . 
the headwaters of the Fraser. 
In 1914 the Bon Accord hatchery had to be abandoned, due to the 
laying out of a townsite around it, and the equipment was transferred 
to Queen’s Park, New Westminster. 
The Province of British Columbia owns Seton Lake hatchery, 
which was established in 1903 on Lake Creek, on the north side, 
about half a mile from the outlet of Seton Lake, and it has been 
operated continuously ever since. Seton Lake is a part of the Fraser 
River chain and is some 300 miles above the mouth of the river. 
Lake Creek, the outlet of Seton Lake, empties into the Cayoosh 
Creek, a tributary of the Fraser, 45 miles north of the latter’s junction 
with the Thompson, and 1 mile south of the town of Lillooet. 
Nimpkish River.—In 1902 8. A. Spencer, of the Alert Bay cannery 
(now belonging to the British Columbia Packers Association), in 
return for certain special fishery privileges granted by the Dominion, 
established a hatchery on this river, which is located on the northeast 
shore of Vancouver Island. The hatchery was burned down in 1903, 
but was immediately rebuilt. Since its establishment it has been 
operated by the Dominion. 
Rwers Inlet.—A hatchery was established by the Dominion on 
McTavish Creek, one of the tributaries of Oweekayno Lake, about 
20 miles up Rivers Inlet, in 1905, and has been operated ever since. 
Skeena River.—tIn 1902 the Dominion established a hatchery on 
Lakelse Lake, in the Skeena River Basin, about 65 miles up the 
river from Port Essington. In 1907 another was constructed on 
Babine Lake, the source of the Skeena River. ; 
In 1910 the Dominion put three new hatcheries into operation, 
all on Vancouver Island. They were located on Anderson Lake, 
Kennedy Lake, and Cowichan Lake, respectively. The two former 
are used for sockeyes and the latter for king and coho salmon and 
steelhead and other varieties of trout. 
In 19138, the year of the quadriennially big run of sockeye salmon 
on the Fraser River, the contractors who were building the new 
Canadian Northern Railway, in blasting their way along the banks 
of the river, threw the rock and other débris into the stream until 
in the narrow part of the canyon south of North Bend at Whites 
Creek, Hells Gate, China Bar, and Scuzzy Rapids, all within a few 
miles of each other, the débris formed great sloping banks extending 
out into the stream at these points, and entirely changed the direction 
of the currents, and of course, the velocity of the water. At best the 
salmon had a hard time getting through there, but the added 
obstructions rendered it practically impossible. 
i 
