SUCKLEY MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS SALMO. 99 



reseiiiblaiice is manifest. The Smithsonian specimens 1132, 1133, (male 

 and female,) are described as S. i^roteus. The male agrees remarkably 

 with Kichardson's fignre. The tongne is smooth ; tail of the same shape ; 

 fin membranes very thick; skin ditto; scales very small and imbedded 

 in the skin; except on the abdomen, perhaps; they do not lap or even 

 tonch each other. No. 1132 has been drawn and figured for the present 

 work. The hump seems greater than in the 8. dermatinus. 



The female has a single tooth on the tougne. May not the toothless 

 tongue be a mark of old age? 



For the present it is thought best to retain the species under Richard- 

 son's name, and wait for more specimens of salmon, not only from Arctic 

 America and the vicinity of Vancouver's Island, but also from Kamts 

 cbatka, before deciding tlse question of names and synonyms. 



The average weight of the fish is about 5 or 6 pounds. Its flesh is pale, 

 and for a white man, it is poor eating. The Indians say that this salmon 

 is usually quite fat, and that as food they like it very much. They state 

 that it enters Puget Sound and the rivers on alternate years, it being- 

 very rare for even a single individual to be caught in the intermediate 

 season. The run of the liuddoh in its regular years is large, coming in 

 vast numbers, comparing favorably in this respect with the sutaup, 

 skoioUz, or h-hwhai. According to the natives of our coast, the hunchbacJc 

 never returns to the sea after spawning, but dies in fresh water. In this 

 respect they again agree with .the Kamtschatka fish. 



In our opinion this is undoubtedly the gorhuscha of Kamtschatka, men- 

 tioned by Pallas and referred to by Sir John Richardson. 



The hump-hack enters the rivers about Puget Sound in August of 

 alternate years. It is thought that it does not visit the Columbia River. 

 The hum[> of the male is said to be caused by a thick layer of adipose 

 matter. 



For additional fiiets and extended quotations the reader is referred to 

 the Pacific Railroad Reports, vol. xii, p. 339. 



3. SALMO COOPERI, Snckley. 



Cooper's Salmon; The Ta-ah-nia. 



Syx. — SaJmo cooperi, Suckley, N(jtices N. S. N. Am. Salm. N. Y., June, 1861. 

 Oii'vrhijndiits cooperi, Suckley, op. cit. 

 Tlio Ta-ah-nia of tlie Okiua Kaucs. 



Sp, Cu.—MaJe. — Head enters nearly four and one-quarter times in the 

 total length. Back much arched, having a tendency to hump. Scales 

 rather coarse and large. Skin thick and strong. Tail deeply lunate ; 

 profusely sprinkled with oval spots of black. Snout (premaxillaries) 

 somewhat elongated. Dental development unich like that of 8. proteus, 

 Pal., but the fish differs in lacking the exaggerated hump, and in the 

 lapping of the scales on the body. The adults rarely exceed 22 inches. 



Female. — Of similar size ; mouth symmetrical ; back less arched ; teeth 



