SUCKLEY MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS SALMO. 109 



the liiuLl part of the net being lifted a little above the surface. The 

 canoes are propelled gently along, and when salmon are felt the net is 

 raised like a dip-net, and thus the tish are captured. They occasionally 

 in this way will capture tifty salmon at one "lift." 



9. SALMO CONFLUENT US, Suckley. 



TOWALT SALMON. 



Typical specimen in Smithsonian collection Fishes, No. 1135. 



Syx. — Salnio confacntiis, Suckley, Ann. N. Y. Lye, December, 1858; Ibid, P. R. 

 R. Rep., vol. xii., \>t. 2, 183i). 

 Towalt of the Ni.S(iuallies. 



Sr. Ch. — Male. — Form, stout; dorsal outline rising to a point just 

 anterior to dorsal tin, then rapidly tapering to tail; dorsal, a(lii)ose, and 

 caudal fins profusely spotted ; caudal broad and moderately lunated; 

 adipose opposite anal, and much elongated; spots along the back and 

 sides, generally linear, or V-shaped; others irregular, (but few round,) 

 covering from two to hve scales; the most common cover three scales, 

 and are about half an inch in length; tins on under parts unspotted, as 

 -also all parts beneath the lateral line. A triangular bare projection of 

 the chin, anterior to the front teeth, as in the S. quiiinat, but smaller; 

 scales scarcely as large as those of 8. truncatus. Teeth of irregular 

 size, and not so closely disposed on the arms of the jaws and labials as 

 in S. gairdneri; middle of dorsal fin nearly opposite a point at the middle 

 of the total length. Uifters from 8. quinnat in having the tail but mod- 

 erately lunated at the extremity, that of the latter being so deeply cut 

 out as to be almost forked; in the number, shape, and size of its spots, 

 and in its smaller head. 



Young f (Characters draAvu from a young tsah-lnvaij sent by Dr. 

 Kennerly from Chiloweyuk Lake, No. 203 in the doctor's collection.) 

 Head contained 5J times in the total length. Tail handsomely forlced. 

 Dorsal, adipose, and caudal spotted with oval black spots. Head spot- 

 ted with round spots of the same, each about 1^ Hues in diauieter. 

 Br. IG: P. 17: D. 15: V. 11 : A. 1(>: C. 20: rows of scales just in front 

 of dorsal, 31 above lateral line; 42 below; 145 upon it. 



Hab. — Northwest coast of America, entering the rivers for spawning 

 purposes during the spring, and continuing throughout the summer. 



A very large salmon, known to the Indians of Paget Sound as the 

 towalt or to-oh-odlt, is caught in Black River, a fork of the Dwamish. 

 It is said that this species is distinct from the satsiq), (which we take to 

 be the quhiuaf,) but it is identical with the tsah-JcuHil of Fraser Eiver. 



Mr. George Gibbs, while on Fraser River, speaks of the salmon known 

 to the natives there as the fsah-lcwai. He says : " A few enter Fraser river 

 as early as March, but they are so few that they are not caught at the 

 fisheries before April. Mr. Gibbs mentions obtaining in the Haro 

 Straits, on the 12th of March, 1859, one of these salmon. " Belly, silvery- 

 white; back, dark olive-green on the ridge; sides, lighter and with 



