THE WHALEBONE WHALES OF THE WESTERN NORTH ATLANTIC, 181 
Length of pectoral along anterior border..............-.-+0- Shttamomins 
od Si ee My e “to termination of white 
WMGIIEAUAEC® oo oo ocad aosasors ooecdes souo bao ROoObuONOG RU tec rae 
Greatestibreadthsof pectoral rirsersneceruerersner ete el eleYa1« @)s 16) #8111 POSE ray he 
IBTGachin Gr TINE oe dup ood Oecd Tours bas oa ae OOo DOO eOdo al “2 Tie) 
Distance from flukes to anus............... eenaasecea 20 Oo 
Centenof anus! tor center of mavelleecetectriiels sels eine > cleo [Olen | LOR 
Breadth of caudal peduncle at insertion of flukes............... CRO! 
Tip of mandible to corner of mouth (along the curves).......... (6) 1 ey 
Comenomo uth) toauriewlar Ont Cea ep i tale tele tersleiel cera ste 0101-1 « a ialins Og 
Distanceracrosspthewhead aevepi seis ie tetris iet etek orsters eaters el etey Torr: Iga Owe 
Lean Or Renee CmliCEas ooo coun ones occoupaeocedcu COoduC o 2t* 
eee anther orsalmtin( EVES) le arceeem ener tears clare lob etererst cctus Ts OM 
IBIS OF Woe Gaue (UME) eos0. 0560 cos onedeccmopnbon non oondS One 8541) 
It is an unfortunate fact that no complete reliable account of the osteology of 
B. musculus has been published, unless it be that of Malm. His Monographie 
illustrée is not accessible to me. Equally to be regretted is the fact that the meas- 
urements given by Flower (45), Reinhardt (75), and Malm (66) are not in accord. 
On that account a thorough comparison of the proportions of the skeleton cannot 
be made. 
The osteological characters of B. musculus are summarized by Van Beneden 
(7, 260) as follows : 
“This species is distinguished from other Balenopteras by the beak, which is 
very broad, especially at the middle of its length; by the nasal bones, truncated in 
front; and by the palatines, very broad. The upper jaw is exceeded by the 
lower, and the coronoid process is high and pointed; the vertebree number 63 or 
64; the ribs are 15 or 16 pairs in number; the sternum is broad and short; the 
metacarpals and phalanges are comparatively long.” 
NUMBER OF VERTEBR. 
The vertebral formuls given by various European authors for 4. musculus 
are as follows: 
BALAf@NOPTERA MUSCULUS (L.). EUROPEAN. VERTEBRAL FORMULA. 
Author. Locality. Date. (Ge D. L. Ca, Total. | Type of. 
Humber R., England a ie = . 2 
Flower i (Hull Museum) t 1833 7 16 4lt 64° | stbbaldii 
73 Coast of Holland 1 pe, ER ee 2 . - 
1 (Utrecht Museum) t r= 7 15 4\2 64° | latirostris 
Turner Longniddry, Scotland 1869 7 15 — 41 —)| 63 (mature) 
“ “ “cr “c 
7 15 — 41 —| 63 | (foetus) 
Malm Gothenburg, Sweden 1865 7 TS 15 26 | 63 | caroline 
Knox North Berwick, Scotland 1831 7 15 — 4\3° — | 65 
Mobius Sylt Id., Germany 1881 7 16 15 26 | 64 
According to Lahille, the formula for both is generally given as 7 + 16 +15 + 26 = 64; but 
Gervais says it should be 7 + 16+ 13 + 28 = 64. 
2““The two skeletons [Hull and Utrecht] agree in possessing sixty-four vertebra, both being 
in this respect, fortunately complete” (Flower). * Lumbars 15 or 16 (Flower, 45, 410). 
* Jardine, Nat. Library, Cetacea, has a figure of this skeleton on plate 6. The lumbars appear 
to be 16. 
