value is much lower than any of those from Choukoutien and, for this 

 reason, as well as because of a number of other morphological traits, Woo 

 has suggested that the Lantian specimen is closer to the Indonesian H. 

 erectus IV from the Djetis Beds. 



Summary on Asian Homo erectus 



All of the foregoing Asian specimens (Table 13) are regarded today 

 as belonging to a single species, H. erectus, although there may well be 

 subspecific differences among them. Certainly, time differences seem to 

 separate them. Perhaps, while we regard them as belonging to the same 

 species, we should recognize the existence of an earlier, smaller-brained 

 subspecies or race and of a later, larger-brained race. Even this division 

 is not clearcut, because of the large area of overlap between the estimated 

 population ranges of the Javanese and Pekin forms. 



The mean for all 12 Asian crania of H. erectus is 929 c.c. The mean 

 for the Indonesian group is some 70 c.c. less and for the Choukoutien 

 group some 114 c.c. more than this value.* 



Cranial capacity of African Homo erectus 



I have excluded as African representatives of H. erectus the crania of 

 Broken Hill and Hopefield (Saldanha), which Coon (1963, p. 337) would 

 classify as H. erectus. Of the northwest African fossils attributed to 

 H. erectus (and formerly designated Atlanthropus mauritanicus), none 

 has provided an estimate of the cranial capacity. The only H. erectus 

 specimen from Africa that has allowed a reasonable estimate of the endo- 

 cranial capacity is the magnificent cranium, Olduvai Hominid 9, from 

 the upper part of Bed II (Figure 30). Assisted by A. R. Hughes, I deter- 

 mined the capacity as 1000 c.c (Tobias 1965b, 1965c, 1967a). This value 

 falls almost exactly midway between the largest and smallest capacities 

 determined for 12 Asian crania (750 to 1225 c.c, giving a midvalue of 

 987.5 c.c.) 



Summary on Homo erectus 



The total sample range for 13 crania of H. erectus, irrespective of 

 geographical origin, is thus 750 to 1225 c<c -> an( i the mean for the sample 



* If the capacity of H. erectus VIII from Sangiran is included, the mean for 13 Asian crania of 

 H. erectus is 937 c.c. The Indonesian group has a mean 54 c.c. lower and the Choukoutien group 

 a mean 106 c.c. higher than this value. 



93 l< 



