PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. si 
Astoria is the principal center for all branches of the industry, but 
more especially for canning. Other places in addition to Astoria at 
which canneries are located are Ilwaco, Eagle Cliff, Altoona, Brook- 
field, Pillar Rock, Cathlamet, on the Washington shore, and at 
Warrendale, Rooster Rock, and Seuferts, on the Oregon shore. 
OREGON. 
Necanicum Creek.—This short stream is in Clatsop County and 
enters the Pacific Ocean about 10 miles south of the Columbia River. 
Its fisheries are of small importance. 
Nehalem River.—The Nafwlatn is a small coastal river that rises 
in the mountains of Clatsop and Columbia Counties, and flows into 
the Pacific Ocean in the northern part of Tulamook County. As early 
as 1887 there was a small cannery here, and the business has been 
followed ever since. In 1911 an additional plant was built and both 
have operated each year since, except in 1913, when one was shut 
down. 
Tillamook Bay and Rwer.—Tillamook River is a very short stream 
which enters Tillamook Bay, the latter being in Tillamook County 
and about 45 miles south of the mouth of the Columbia River. 
Fishing is carried on mainly in the bay. The earliest record we 
have of canneries on this bay is of 1886, when two were in operation. 
From 1891 to 1910 but one was operated, but in 1911 another plant 
was started. In 1915 a third cannery was built, and all three oper- 
ated until 1918, when only one was in operation. In 1919, two 
operated. 
Nestugga River.—This stream enters the ocean in the southwestern 
art of Tillamook County. A cannery operated here in 1887 and the 
usiness has been carried on each season with but one intermission 
since 1905. 
Siletz River.—This river has its source in the mountains of Polk 
County and enters the ocean in the northern part of Lincoln County. 
The commercial development of the fisheries was hampered for many 
years owing to the fact that the river was within the boundaries of 
what was then the Siletz Indian Reservation. The first cannery 
was established here in 1896. An additional one was built in 1918. 
Yaquna Bay and River.—The Yaquina (‘‘crooked’’) River is 
about 60 miles long; its general course is nearly west through the 
county of Benton. The river is narrow throughout the greater part 
of its length. A few miles from its mouth it suddenly broadens out 
into an estuary from one-half to three-fourths of a mile wide, which 
is commonly called Yaquina Bay. The river enters the Pacific about 
100 miles south of the Columbia. 
Salmon canning was begun on this river in 1887, when two small 
canneries were constructed. The next year an additional plant was 
erected. The business has fluctuated considerably since then and 
there is now but one cannery, which has not been operated since 1911. 
In 1917 this plant was consolidated with the one at Waldport. 
The fishing grounds are all in the bay and the lower section of the 
river. The fishermen of this section are fortunate in that they have 
railroad communication with the outside world. 
Alsea Bay and River.—Alsea River rises in the southwestern part 
of Benton County, and flows in nearly a northwesterly direction to 
