PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 35 
lished at Requa, at the mouth, and this has been operated occasion- 
ally ever since. The pickling of salmon has been done here for a 
number of years. Some years part of the catch has been shipped 
fresh to the cannery on Smith River or to the Rogue River (Oreg.) 
cannery. Since 1908 the cannery has been operated continuously by 
the Klamath River Packers Association. 
Humboldt Bay and tributaries —The shore line of Humboldt County 
is bold and high, except in the vicinity of Humboldt Bay, where it 
is rather flat. The latter is the only harbor along the county shore, 
and it is quite difficult of access, owing to the bar at the entrance 
upon which the sea breaks quite heavily. The bay is about 12 miles 
long and about 3 miles wide. Mad River, which has its rise in the 
lower part of Trinity County, runs in a northwestly direction, then 
makes a sharp turn and enters the bay from the north side. Eel 
River, which has its rise in Lake County, far to the southeast, runs in 
a northwesterly direction and enters the bay at its southern extrem- 
ity. Small railroads running south from Eureka traverse the shores 
of both rivers for some miles. A railroad now runs from the north 
side of San Francisco Bay to Eureka, and it has aided very materially 
in extending the market for salmon caught in these rivers. 
Mattole River.—This is a small and unimportant river in the south- 
ern part of Humboldt County, and is said to have a good run of 
een each year, but no commercial fishing has as yet been carried 
on here. 
Noyo River.—In 1915 salmon fishing began at Fort Bragg, in 
Mendocino County, where the Noyo River debouches into the ocean. 
The building of a branch railroad to this point made the shipping 
of salmon a possibility. Im 1915 and 1916 considerable salmon 
were caught and shipped fresh. In 1917 the Tillamook Ice & Cold 
Storage Co., built and operated a cannery here, while the Columbia & 
Northern Fishing & Packing Co., in the same year built and operated 
a cold-storage and mild-curing plant. 
Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers.—These two rivers are the 
most important riversin See The Sacramento is quite crooked, 
the distance by river from Red Bluff to San Francisco being about 
375 miles, while the distance by rail between these two places is only 
225 miles. The river rises in several small lakes in the mountains 
about 20 miles west of Sisson, in Siskiyou County, and for nearly 
half its length flows through a narrow canyon. The upper portion 
is a typical mountain stream, with innumerable pools and rapids. A 
little above Redding the river emerges from the canyon and widens 
into a broad shallow stream. Below Sacramento it runs through a 
level country and is affected by tides. Sloughs are numerous in this 
stretch, some connecting it with the San Joaquin. The Sacramento 
and San Joaquin Rivers join as they empty into Suisun Bay. 
The principal tributaries of the Sacramento which are frequented 
by salmon are the Pit and McCloud Rivers and Battle Creek. At one 
time salmon frequented the American and Feather Rivers, but min- 
ing and irrigation operations along these streams either killed them 
off or drove them away. 
The San Joaquin River has its source in the Sierra Nevada Moun- 
tains. Flowing westerly and forming the boundary between Fresno 
and Madera Counties for a considerable distance, it then turns 
abruptly to the north just where it is joined by Fresno Slough, which 
