PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 61 
A couple of years later it was dismantled. This plant was popu- 
larly known as the ‘“‘ Bradford” cannery. 
The Nushagak Canning Co. built a cannery on the eastern shore 
of Nushagak Bay in 1888, at a place known as Clark Point, 54 miles 
below Fort Alexander. This cannery also became a member of the 
Alaska Packers Association in 1893, but from 1891 to 1901 was not 
operated, but held in reserve. In the last-named year a large double 
cannery was built here and put into operation and has been operated 
each year since. 
This company also built and operated a saltery on the Igushik 
River in 1886. Three years later it was moved to the mouth of the 
Nushagak. In 1893 C. E. Whitney & Co. purchased an interest in 
it and by 1899 owned it all. In 1902 the saltery was sold to the 
Alaska Packers Association, which closed it down. 
In 1899 the Pacific Steam Whaling Co. built a cannery and com- 
menced canning on the eastern shore of Nushagak Bay at Fort Alex- 
ander, or Nushagak village. This cannery was purchased by the 
Pacific Packing & Navigation Co. in 1901, and upon the sale of its 
properties in 1904 became a part of the Northwestern Fisheries Co. 
It has been operated each year since the latter company acquired it. 
The same year the Alaska Fishermen’s Packing Co., of Astoria, 
built a cannery immediately below that of the Pacific Steam Whaling 
Co., and operated it every year to date, control of the company 
passing to Libby, McNeill & Libby in 1913. 
In 1901 the Columbia River Packers Association, the Alaska- 
Portland Packers Association, and the Alaska Salmon Co. all built 
canneries on the Nushagak and have operated them to date, except 
the last named in 1909, when its supply ship was wrecked. The 
Alaska Fishermen’s Packing Co. also built a saltery here. The 
latter plant was abandoned in 1904. 
In 1903 the North Alaska Salmon Co. operated a new cannery on 
- the Nushagak, a few miles below Clark Point. 
Tn 1910, on August 10, shortly after the packing season had ended, 
the plant of the Alaska-Portland Packers Aganeiahion was completely 
destroyed by fire. The plant was rebuilt in time to operate the next 
season. 
KVICHAK RIVER AND BAY. 
The Kvichak River is about 80 miles in length, varies from 100 
oe to a mile in width, and discharges a vast quantity of water 
e influence of the tide is felt 30 miles from the mouth. The cur- 
rent is very swift, running in places as much as 7 miles an hour, 
The upper half of the river is filled with low, grassy islands, the 
channels in many places being quite narrow. A launch drawing 3 
feet of water can reach Lake Jliamna with very little difficulty. In 
most sections there are over 2 fathoms of water in the channels. The 
river drains Iliamna Lake, the largest lake in Alaska, which is about 
90 miles long and about 30 miles wide, and Lake Clark. There area 
number of Indian villages along the shores of the river and lakes. 
Practically all of the fishing here is carried on in Kvichak Bay, 
gill nets being the only form of apparatus in use. As it is not con- 
venient for the fishermen to take the catch to the canneries, large 
house lighters and scows are moored in convenient places and the 
fishermen live aboard the former, while the fish are put aboard the 
