PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 297 
As stated above, the State aided the work of the United States 
Fish Commission in a financial way and also by hatching and dis- 
tributing the eggs turned over to its care. In 1885 the State legis- 
lature passed a bill authorizing the establishment of a hatchery of 
its own, and the same year such a station was built upon Hat Creek 
about 24 miles above its junction with Pitt River, a tributary of 
the Sacramento River. As the work of the first few seasons devel- 
oped that the location was unsuitable, the hatchery was removed 
in 1888 to Sisson, in Siskiyou County. It is now known as the 
Mount Shasta hatchery. The work of this hatchery was to handle 
the eggs turned over to it by the United States Fish Commission. 
It was almost doubled in size in 1917. 
In 1895 another hatchery was built by the State near the mouth 
of Battle Creek, a tributary of the Sacramento River. In 1896 and 
1897 this hatchery was operated jointly by the State and the United 
States Fish Commission while awaiting the appropriation of money 
by the commission to purchase it from the State. 
In the fall of 1897 a hatchery was established by the State at 
Grizzly Bluff, on Price Creek, a tributary of Eel River, in Humboldt 
County, and in 1902 this hatchery made the first plant in the State 
of steelhead trout fry. In 1916 it was moved to a point on Eel 
River near Fort Seward. 
Santa Cruz County has had a hatchery at Brookdale for a number 
of years. In 1911 it was leased to the State and operated by the 
latter during the seasons of 1911 and 1912. In 1913 the State gave 
up the lease and entered into a contract to purchase the eggs pro- 
duced from this hatchery. The price agreed upon was that the 
State commission was to pay $1.50 per thousand for the eyed steel- 
head eggs, up to the number of 2,000,000, and $1 per thousand for all 
eggs up to 3,000,000, provided that the eggs were collected and eyed 
by a skilled fish culturist and would pass inspection before they were 
accepted. In 1916 the State leased the plant for a term of years. 
A hatchery was established by the United States Bureau of Fish- 
eries at Hornbrook, on Klamath River, in 1913. At first this hatch- 
ery was devoted to rainbow-trout work, but later the collection and 
distribution of silver and chinook salmon was taken up. 
During the fall of 1911 the State established an experimental 
station at Sacramento in order to carry on a series of experiments to 
determine whether the eggs of the quinnat salmon could be success- 
fully hatched and the fry reared near the city of Sacramento. Of 
the fish hatched at this station 50,000 were marked. 
Nearly all of the fry that were liberated in the Sacramento River 
were floated in a screen cage by boat into the middle of the stream 
and there released. N. B. Scofield took 500 in a floating box down 
the river, where they were held and fed for several weeks in brackish 
and salt water. They were apparently not affected by the changes 
in the salinity of the water. 
Experiments were carried on until the summer of 1913, when 
they were abandoned due to the killing of the embryos by the min- 
eral substances in the water used at the station. 
During the fiscal year 1912 the Mill Creek hatchery of the United 
States Bureau of Fisheries was operated by the California Commission. 
Some years ago the town of Ukiah, Mendocino County, estab- 
lished a hatchery 1 mile from the town, and on Russian River. 
