PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 235 
In 1909 the State of Oregon built at Bonneville, on Tanner Creek, 
a tributary of the Columbia River, a large central hatchery capable 
of handling 60,000,000 eggs, it being the intention of the State to 
hatch at this plant the eggs allasted at ofher stations. 
In the same year a temporary hatchery was located on the Santiam 
River by the State of Oregon. 
During 1910 the State “of Oregon received 1,500,000 red salmon 
eggs from the Yes Bay ( Alaska) hatcher y of the United States Bureau 
of a0 isheries, and yearly since they have received a consignment from 
the same source, as will be noted in the statistical tables. These were 
hatched out in the Bonneville hatchery and planted in the Columbia. 
River. 
The State of Oregon built a hatchery on the Klaskanine River, a 
tributary of Youngs River, near Olney, in Clatsop County, in 1911. 
In the same year an eyeing ‘station for spring chinooks was opened by 
the State on the Willamette River, near Lowell. 
The first entrance of Washington (then a Territory) into fish- 
cultural operations was in 1879, when the State fish commissioner 
paid the Oregon & Washington Fish Propagating Co., which was 
operating the hate hery on the Clackamas River, $2, 000 for salmon 
fry deposited in that river. In 1893 the State legislature estab- 
lished a hatchery fund which was to be supplied by licenses from 
certain lines of the fishery business. In 1895 its first hatchery in 
the Columbia River Basin was built on the Kalama River, about 4 
miles distant from its junction with the Columbia, and in Cowlitz 
County. Shortly after this hatchery was built it was discovered 
that if was above where the salmon spawned, and a second hatchery 
was built 14 miles below the first named, as the rugged mountainous 
character of the country made transportation between the two sites 
difficult. Of recent years a road has been constructed along the 
river bank, and it is probable that the upper buildings will be aban- 
doned entirely. 
Another station for the collection and eyeing of eggs was estab- 
lished on the Chinook River, a small stream which empties into Baker 
Bay near the mouth of the Columbia. 
During the fiscal year 1897 the United States Fish Commission 
established a station’on Little White Salmon River, a stream which 
empties into the Columbia, on the Washington side, about 14 miles 
above the Cascades. During the fiscal year “1901 an auxiliary station 
was operated on Big White ‘Salmon River, while fishing was carried 
on in Eagle and Tanner Creeks, in Oregon, the eggs obtained from 
these creeks being brought to the Little White Salmon hatchery. 
In 1899 the State of Washington built and operated hatcheries 
on the Wenatchee River, a tributary of the Columbia River, about 
14 miles from Chiwaukum Station on the Great Northern Railway, 
and on Wind River, a tributary of the Columbia, about 1 mile from 
the junction. 
In 1900 Washington State hatcheries were established in the 
Columbia River Basin as follows: White River hatchery, which was 
built on Coos Creek, which empties into a tributary of the White 
River, the location being about 24 miles from where the Green 
River j joins the White River; Methow River hatchery, built on the 
Methow River at the point where it is joined by the Twisp, about 
22 miles from the Columbia River; Colville River hatchery, built 
