49 U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 
line. No sand being available for the purpose, cinders were sub- 
stituted, and to the presence of this material is attributed the loss of 
approximately 46,000,000 of the first eggs received. The removal of 
the cinders and the refilling of the filter with sand and gravel cor- 
rected the situation, though the output of the substation was consid- 
erably reduced. : 
The first eggs were taken on February 27, and during the spawn- 
ing season, which ended on March 25, a total of 96,440,000 eggs were 
taken. Of these, 1,440,000 were planted on the spawning grounds 
after being fertilized and 38,600,000 fry were developed at the 
hatchery. The conditions were unusual, inasmuch as the Atacha- 
falaya River was at a low stage until late in January, whereas a rise 
occurs in the late fall in more normal years, its effects continuing 
into the spring months. To this condition may be attributed the 
short season and the small numbers of fish on the customary spawn- 
ing grounds. The water temperatures during the egg-collecting 
period ranged from 60 to 76° F. The incubation period was 10 
days in a mean water temperature of 60°. The eye spots in the egg 
are visible to the unaided eye in from four to five days, and the fry 
have absorbed the umbilical sac in from four to five days after 
hatching. 
Further counts and measurements to ascertain the correct number 
of eggs to a liquid quart were made and a standard of 120,000 was 
established as a result. Observations were made at several points 
to determine the percentage of fertilization that is attained in eggs 
deposited under natural conditions. The results varied from zero 
in certain places to as high as 40 per cent at others, with an average 
of 10 per cent at all points considered. Efforts were also made to 
secure information relative to the spawning of the paddlefish, but 
nothing of a reliable nature was gained. 
Buffalofish propagation conducted on an experimental scale at 
Clarendon, Ark., has been permanently discontinued, it having been 
found that very few of the local fishermen ‘are inclined to lend their 
cooperation. 
PROPAGATION OF ANADROMOUS FISHES OF ATLANTIC COASTAL 
STREAMS. 
Included under this head are the shad, glut herring, alewife, 
striped bass or rockfish, and the Atlantic salmon. 
PROPAGATION OF SHAD, BRYANS POINT (MD.) AND EDENTON (N. ©C.) 
STATIONS, 
The work addressed to the shad is conducted at only two hatch- 
eries, Bryans Point, on the Potomac River in Maryland, and Eden- 
ton, on Albemarle Sound in North Carolina. It is interesting to 
note that the run of shad is being maintained in these regions, not- 
withstanding the failure to put into effect the greatly needed regula- 
tory measures for which the bureau has worked. During the 12- 
year period from 1910 to 1921, both fiscal years inclusive, the Mary- 
land hatchery distributed a total of 448,799,000 shad fry, an average 
annual output of 37,399,000. The total output of shad from the 
North Carolina hatchery during the same period amounted to 
