XXXIV REPOET OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



Bodie's Island light-house, north of Cape Hatteras : 



Peter G. Gallop, Manteo, Dare County, North Carolina 11 



Cape Lookout light-house, Cape Lookout : 



Dewald Runiley, Beaufort, N. C 12 



Frying-Pan Shoal light-station. Cape Fear : 



David W. Manson, Smithville, N. C 12 



Rattlesnake Shoal light-station, off Charleston : 



John McCormick, Charleston, S. C 12 



Martin's Industry light-station, Port Royal Entrance: 



John Masson, Port Royal, S. C 12 



Fowey Rocks light- house, Fowey Rocks: 



John J. Earner, Miami, Fla 12 



Carysfort Reef light-house, Florida Reefs: 



Edward Bell, Key West, Fla. (succeedetl by F. A. Brest in September) 9 



Dry Tortugas light-house, Loggerhead Key: 



Robert H. Thompson, Key West, Fla 11 



11. — BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH. 



The necessity of studying carefully the circumstances under which 

 the development of the egg of the shad, salmon, &c., takes place, and 

 the practical bearing of definite facts on this subject, induced the Com- 

 mission to add, during the year, to its working force, Mr. John A. Eyder, 

 a prominent member of the Academy of National Sciences of Philadel- 

 phia. This gentleman having given much attention to the microscopic 

 work connected with the development of eggs of fishes and other ani- 

 mals, was able to render very important assistance. His labors during 

 the year had relation more particularly to the eggs of the whitefish, 

 the shad, the flounder, the white perch, the California salmon, the Pe- 

 nobscot salmon, and other species. On many of these subjects he pre- 

 pared elaborate memoirs, some of which have already been published 

 by the Commission in its Bulletin for 1881, and others will be published 

 in the Appendix of the present Eeport. 



Mr. Ryder's inquiry extended into the phenomena of the development 

 of shad eggs on trays covered with wet flannel, as suggested by Colonel 

 McDonald. The results of this research have promised to largely revo- 

 lutionize the entire method of transporting eggs from the river stations 

 to the hatching-houses. 



12. — THE INTRODUCTION OF COD GILL-NETS. 



The introduction of gill-nets in the shore cod-fisheries during the 

 winter of 1880-'81 created a general and widespread interest among 

 those concerned in fishing. The use of these nets was first sug- 

 gested by the Commission in the winter of 1878-'79, but those first tried 

 were not sufiiciently strong for the capture of the large cod that frequent 

 our coast in winter. This experiment has been described in an article 

 by Mr. R. E. Earll, on the cod-fisheries of Cape Ann, published in the 

 Report of the United States Fish Commission for 1878. He says : "The 

 method of catching cod with gill-nets, though so successfully used by 



