﻿IREDALE 
  : 
  MOLLUSCAN 
  NAME-CHANGES. 
  323 
  

  

  P. 
  buccinoides 
  ", 
  etc. 
  The 
  " 
  C." 
  might 
  mean 
  " 
  Cerite 
  " 
  or 
  " 
  Ceri- 
  

   thium 
  ", 
  the 
  " 
  B." 
  " 
  Biiccin 
  ", 
  or 
  " 
  Bufcinum 
  ", 
  but 
  the 
  " 
  R." 
  stood 
  

   for 
  "Rocher" 
  not 
  " 
  Murex 
  ", 
  hence 
  all 
  these 
  names 
  are 
  absolutely 
  

   French 
  vernaculars. 
  I 
  have 
  only 
  instanced 
  the 
  above, 
  but 
  I 
  have 
  

   gone 
  over 
  all 
  Blainville's 
  essay, 
  and 
  my 
  contention 
  is 
  unassailable. 
  

   Cossmann's 
  further 
  claim 
  that 
  all 
  French 
  vernaculars 
  should 
  be 
  

   accepted 
  as 
  equivalent 
  to 
  Latin 
  generic 
  names 
  is 
  contrary 
  to 
  facts 
  

   and 
  usage, 
  as 
  such 
  have 
  been 
  almost 
  consistently 
  ignored, 
  the 
  few 
  

   instances 
  that 
  have 
  now 
  cropped 
  up 
  being 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  carelessness 
  of 
  

   recent 
  authors. 
  

  

  VoLEMA, 
  Bolten. 
  

  

  When 
  Dall 
  discussed 
  the 
  Boltenian 
  names 
  (Journ. 
  Conch., 
  vol. 
  xi, 
  

   1906, 
  p. 
  289 
  et 
  seq.) 
  he 
  indicated 
  this 
  name 
  as 
  needing 
  special 
  study, 
  

   thus 
  : 
  — 
  

   " 
  Voletna 
  {l.pyrum, 
  Gmel.). 
  Tiirbinella 
  -pars, 
  Lam., 
  1799, 
  etc." 
  

  

  Then 
  later 
  

   '^ 
  Xancus 
  (t. 
  Voluta 
  pymm, 
  Gmel.). 
  TurhineUa, 
  Lam., 
  1799. 
  See 
  

   above, 
  Vole})ia.^' 
  

  

  Since 
  the 
  name 
  Xaticus 
  was 
  absolutely 
  equivalent 
  to 
  TurhineUa 
  it 
  

   has 
  been 
  used 
  to 
  displace 
  it, 
  and 
  it 
  does 
  not 
  seem 
  wise 
  to 
  disturb 
  

   that 
  usage. 
  However, 
  since 
  Fo/ew« 
  has 
  priority 
  it 
  needs 
  settlement. 
  

   In 
  the 
  same 
  place 
  Dall 
  indicated 
  that 
  Galeodes, 
  Bolten, 
  was 
  equivalent 
  

   to 
  and 
  should 
  displace 
  Melongena, 
  but 
  Bolten's 
  choice 
  had 
  been 
  

   anticipated, 
  so 
  that 
  Melongena 
  has 
  been 
  resumed. 
  

  

  Volema, 
  however, 
  has 
  priority 
  over 
  Melongena, 
  and 
  the 
  species 
  are 
  

   often 
  considered 
  as 
  congeneric, 
  so 
  that 
  I 
  think 
  it 
  best 
  to 
  definitely 
  

   fix 
  Volema 
  with 
  a 
  type 
  species. 
  Upon 
  investigation 
  I 
  found 
  that 
  

   Gray 
  in 
  1847 
  did 
  not 
  know 
  Bolten's 
  name, 
  but 
  Mcirch 
  in 
  1852 
  

   included 
  it 
  as 
  a 
  sub-genus 
  of 
  Cassidulus, 
  Humphrey, 
  citing 
  as 
  

   equivalent 
  Ptigilina, 
  Schumacher, 
  and 
  naming 
  under 
  it 
  the 
  species 
  

   pugilinus, 
  Born, 
  and 
  paradisiacus, 
  Mart. 
  = 
  nodosa, 
  Lam. 
  The 
  latter 
  

   species 
  has 
  been 
  commonly 
  associated 
  with 
  Bolten's 
  name, 
  and 
  since 
  

   Bolten 
  included 
  Martini's 
  species 
  under 
  a 
  binomial 
  name 
  Volema 
  

   paradisiaca 
  I 
  here 
  designate 
  that 
  species 
  as 
  type. 
  This 
  will 
  leave 
  

   Melongena 
  to 
  the 
  other 
  species, 
  which 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  consider 
  congeneric. 
  

   I 
  might 
  state 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  possible 
  that 
  distinct 
  sub-species 
  of 
  V. 
  para- 
  

   disiaca, 
  Bolten, 
  will 
  later 
  be 
  recognized, 
  as 
  the 
  nodose 
  forms 
  seem 
  

   constant 
  according 
  to 
  locality, 
  and 
  so 
  are 
  the 
  smooth 
  ones. 
  At 
  any 
  

   rate 
  I 
  have 
  thirty-two 
  specimens 
  collected 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Robin 
  Kemp, 
  near 
  

   Mombasa, 
  British 
  East 
  Africa, 
  which 
  in 
  every 
  growth 
  stage 
  show 
  

   perfect 
  constancy, 
  not 
  one 
  of 
  them 
  developing 
  nodulous 
  sculpture 
  

   after 
  the 
  first 
  three 
  whorls. 
  These 
  are 
  obsoietely 
  nodulose, 
  showiiig 
  

   that 
  the 
  smooth 
  shell 
  has 
  developed 
  from 
  a 
  nodule-bearing 
  ancestor. 
  

  

  This 
  note 
  serves 
  only 
  to 
  draw 
  attention 
  to 
  the 
  genus 
  name, 
  for 
  

   I 
  observe 
  that 
  Volema 
  pyrum^ 
  Bolten, 
  has 
  been 
  indicated 
  by 
  Dall 
  

   as 
  being 
  equivalent 
  to 
  Pyrnla 
  nodosa, 
  Lamarck, 
  and 
  it 
  has 
  precedence 
  

   in 
  Bolten's 
  arrangement. 
  Consequently 
  if 
  it 
  be 
  proved 
  that 
  these 
  

   are 
  conspecific, 
  the 
  names 
  would 
  be 
  Volema 
  pyrum, 
  Bolten 
  = 
  Pyrula 
  

  

  