( 509 ) 



an open cell to the hindwing, and difl'eriug also in other respects from dione and 

 allies, which have the cell closed. 



In the African species, which we separate generically as Antanartia, no trace 

 of the hook of the eiglith alidominal segment is to be fonnd. In fact, the copulatory 

 organs are not of the same type as in Hi/paiiartia. The third subcostal branch of 

 the forewing stands, moreover, much farther from the cell than in Hypanartia, 

 The cell of the hindwing is closed, the cross-vein standing distally of the point of 

 origin of M', while it is placed opposite M' or proximally of it in Hypunartia 

 (lioiie, kfferstei n> , limligi, etc. 



11. Antanartia hippomene. 



Ffi//ianartia hippomene Hiibner, Samiiil. Ex. Srlim. ii. t. 25 (1816-24) (S. Afr.) ; Butler, Pi-oc. 

 Zoal. Soc. Land. p. 918. n. 17 (1900) ; Pagenst., I.e. p. 137 (1902). 



Bntler, l.c. p. 917. n. 16, remarks that hippomene and schaeneia have been 

 said to be seasonal phases of one species. We do not know who besides Butler 

 himself. I.e. 1895. p. 727, has put forward such a suggestion ; bnt it was 

 certainly done without a careful examination of the insects. The two species, 

 of which Pagenstecher {I.e.) has again jiointed out the diflerences in colour and 

 pattern, are very different iu structure. The patch of modified scales situated 

 on the underside of the forewing near the base along the hinder margin is 

 iu sehaeneia restricted to the area behind the submediau veiu SM-, while in 

 hippomene it extends beyond this vein. The club of the antenna is decidedly 

 broader in hippomene than in schaeneia. The hiudtibia is spinose on the back 

 from middle to end in hippomene, while the tibia of schaeneia has no distinct 

 dorsal sj)ines. The sexual armature differs also conspicuously in the two 

 insects. The clasper of hippomene is produced at tlie apex just above the 

 middle into a long, sharply pointed, curved, strongly chitinised process, and is 

 shallowly sinuate below this process ; on the inner surface there is a large oblique 

 fold, which is widest towards the base of the process, and is here armed with 

 several acute teeth ; along the ventral edge of the clasper, and parti}' covered by 

 the fold just mentioned, there is the harpe, represented by a strongly chitinised, 

 nearly straight process, which is armed at the end with conical, pointed, claw-like 

 teeth. In the other species, srhaeneia, the clasper is more complicated ; it is 

 deeply sinuate at the end in the middle ; the upper lobe, which corresponds to the 

 process of hippomene, is much sliorter than this process, broader and less chitiuised ; 

 the lower portion of the clasper is again sinuate, a slender process below the middle 

 being separated by a deep sinus from the most ventral, obtuse lobe ; on the inner 

 surface the clasjier bears a feebly chitinised, setiferous, slender process instead of 

 the dentate fold of hippomene, ami the harpe is much longer, projecting beyond the 

 apex of the clasper, being produced into a long slender point. The vaginal aperture 

 of schaeneia is situated on a conical projection of the apical margin of the seventh 

 sternite; this cone is smooth, and is separated from the seventh sternite by a 

 transverse groove. In hippomene the projection is very short, and bears on the 

 surface a horseshoe-shaped impression. The egg of schaeneia is much shorter 

 than that oi hippomene, and bears 10 carinae, while that of hippomene has only 9. 



The Abyssinian specimens of hippomene are all short-tailed, but do not i)resent 

 any constant ditference from East and South African ones. 



9 c^cf, 1 ?, from : Kollu, .Schoa, 21. ix. 00; Badattiuo, Gindeberat, 4. x. 00; 

 Abera, Djamdjam, 10- IS. xii. 00; Derela Mts., Katl'a, 2. iii. 01. 



35 



