﻿MANUAL 
  OF 
  FISH-CULTURE. 
  59^ 
  

  

  flour, 
  and 
  middlings. 
  The 
  butchers' 
  ofial 
  comprises 
  livers, 
  hearts, 
  and 
  

   lights, 
  which 
  are 
  collected 
  from 
  the 
  slaughter-houses 
  twice 
  or 
  thrice 
  

   weekly, 
  and 
  preserved 
  in 
  refrigerators 
  until 
  used. 
  

  

  The 
  flesh 
  of 
  old 
  and 
  worn-out 
  horses 
  has 
  been 
  used 
  each 
  year 
  since 
  

   1892 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  way 
  as 
  the 
  butcher's 
  offal, 
  with 
  very 
  satisfactory 
  

   results; 
  the 
  parts 
  that 
  could 
  be 
  chopped 
  readily 
  have 
  been 
  fed 
  direct 
  

   to 
  the 
  fish 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  needed, 
  and 
  other 
  parts 
  have 
  been 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  

   rearing 
  of 
  maggots. 
  

  

  ^ext 
  to 
  chopped 
  meat 
  maggots 
  have 
  constituted 
  the 
  most 
  important 
  

   article 
  of 
  food, 
  and 
  their 
  systematic 
  production 
  has 
  received 
  much 
  

   attention. 
  A 
  rough 
  wooden 
  building 
  has 
  been 
  erected 
  for 
  this 
  branch 
  

   of 
  the 
  work, 
  and 
  one 
  man 
  is 
  constantly 
  employed 
  about 
  it 
  duriug 
  the 
  

   summer 
  and 
  early 
  autumn 
  months. 
  The 
  maggots 
  thus 
  far 
  used 
  are 
  

   exclusively 
  flesh-eaters, 
  mainly 
  those 
  of 
  two 
  undetermined 
  species 
  of 
  

   flies; 
  the 
  first 
  and 
  most 
  important 
  being 
  a 
  small, 
  smooth, 
  shining 
  green 
  

   or 
  bluish-green 
  fly, 
  occurring 
  in 
  early 
  summer 
  and 
  remaining 
  in 
  some- 
  

   what 
  diminished 
  numbers 
  until 
  October; 
  and 
  the 
  other 
  a 
  large, 
  rough, 
  

   steel-blue 
  fly 
  that 
  comes 
  later 
  and 
  in 
  autumn 
  becomes 
  the 
  predomi- 
  

   nating 
  species, 
  having 
  such 
  hardiness 
  as 
  to 
  continue 
  the 
  reproduction 
  

   of 
  its 
  kind 
  long 
  after 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  frosts 
  sufliciently 
  severe 
  to 
  

   freeze 
  the 
  ground. 
  

  

  To 
  obtain 
  maggots 
  meat 
  is 
  exposed 
  iu 
  a 
  sheltered 
  location 
  accessible 
  

   to 
  flies 
  during 
  the 
  day. 
  When 
  well 
  stocked 
  with 
  the 
  spawn 
  of 
  the 
  flies 
  

   it 
  is 
  placed 
  in 
  boxes, 
  which 
  are 
  set 
  away 
  in 
  the 
  " 
  fly-house" 
  to 
  develoj); 
  

   when 
  fully 
  grown, 
  the 
  maggots 
  are 
  taken 
  out 
  and 
  fed 
  at 
  once 
  to 
  the 
  fish. 
  

   Stale 
  meat, 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  butchers' 
  ofl'al 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  horse 
  carcasses 
  not 
  

   adapted 
  to 
  chopping; 
  fish, 
  fresh, 
  dried, 
  or 
  pickled; 
  fish 
  pomace 
  from 
  

   herring-oil 
  works, 
  and 
  any 
  animal 
  refuse 
  that 
  comes 
  to 
  hand, 
  are 
  used 
  

   to 
  entice 
  the 
  flies 
  and 
  aftbrd 
  nourishment 
  for 
  the 
  maggots. 
  Fresh 
  fish, 
  

   when 
  not 
  too 
  watery 
  or 
  oily, 
  like 
  alewives 
  and 
  herring, 
  is 
  very 
  attract- 
  

   ive 
  to 
  the 
  flies, 
  and 
  in 
  proper 
  condition 
  may 
  serve 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  fresh 
  meat. 
  

   Fish 
  dried 
  without 
  salt 
  or 
  smoke 
  and 
  moistened 
  before 
  using 
  is, 
  when 
  

   free 
  from 
  oil, 
  a 
  superior 
  article. 
  Its 
  preparation 
  presents 
  some 
  diffi- 
  

   culties, 
  but 
  iu 
  winter 
  it 
  is 
  easily 
  effected 
  by 
  impaling 
  whole 
  fishes 
  on 
  

   sticks 
  and 
  hanging 
  them 
  up 
  under 
  a 
  roof 
  where 
  they 
  will 
  be 
  protected 
  

   from 
  rain 
  without 
  hindering 
  the 
  circulation 
  of 
  the 
  air; 
  in 
  this 
  way 
  

   many 
  flounders 
  and 
  other 
  refuse 
  fish 
  from 
  the 
  smelt 
  fisheries 
  have 
  been 
  

   dried. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  usually 
  necessary 
  to 
  expose 
  meat 
  but 
  a 
  single 
  day 
  to 
  obtain 
  suf- 
  

   ficient 
  fly 
  spawn; 
  thelarvii? 
  are 
  hatched 
  and 
  active 
  the 
  next 
  day, 
  except 
  

   in 
  cool 
  weather, 
  and 
  they 
  attain 
  their 
  full 
  growth 
  in 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  days. 
  

   To 
  separate 
  them 
  from 
  the 
  remnants 
  of 
  food 
  the 
  meat 
  bearing 
  the 
  fly 
  

   spawn 
  is 
  placed 
  on 
  a 
  layer 
  of 
  loose 
  hay 
  or 
  straw 
  in 
  a 
  box 
  which 
  has 
  a 
  

   wire-cloth 
  bottom, 
  and 
  which 
  stands 
  inside 
  a 
  slightly 
  larger 
  box 
  with 
  a 
  

   tight 
  wooden 
  bottom. 
  When 
  full 
  grown, 
  the 
  maggots 
  work 
  their 
  way 
  

   down 
  through 
  the 
  hay 
  into 
  the 
  lower 
  box, 
  where 
  they 
  are 
  found 
  nearly- 
  

   free 
  from 
  dirt. 
  

  

  