﻿68 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  COMMISSIONER 
  OF 
  FISH 
  AND 
  FISHERIES. 
  

  

  The 
  natural 
  range 
  of 
  the 
  landlocked 
  salmon 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  is 
  

   much 
  restricted. 
  Leaving 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  question 
  the 
  salmon 
  formerly- 
  

   frequenting 
  the 
  rivers 
  tributary 
  to 
  Lakes 
  Ontario 
  and 
  Ohamplain, 
  the 
  

   extent 
  of 
  whose 
  migration 
  is 
  a 
  matter 
  of 
  doubt, 
  we 
  find 
  them 
  only 
  -in 
  

   four 
  limited 
  districts, 
  all 
  in 
  the 
  State 
  of 
  Maine, 
  namely, 
  the 
  Presumpscot 
  

   Eiver 
  (including 
  Sebago 
  Lake) 
  in 
  Cumberland 
  and 
  Oxford 
  counties, 
  the 
  

   Sebec 
  Eiver 
  (a 
  tributary 
  of 
  the 
  Penobscot) 
  in 
  Piscataquis 
  County, 
  the 
  

   Union 
  Eiver 
  in 
  Hancock 
  County, 
  and 
  the 
  St. 
  Croix 
  Eiver 
  in 
  Washing- 
  

   ton 
  County. 
  There 
  are 
  some 
  minor 
  differences 
  between 
  the 
  fish 
  of 
  these 
  

   several 
  districts, 
  of 
  which, 
  perhaps, 
  that 
  of 
  size 
  is 
  most 
  notable. 
  The 
  

   Sebago 
  and 
  Union 
  Eiver 
  fish 
  are 
  much 
  larger 
  on 
  the 
  average 
  than 
  those 
  

   of 
  the 
  Sebec 
  and 
  St. 
  Croix. 
  The 
  Sebago 
  salmon 
  average 
  at 
  the 
  spawn- 
  

   ing 
  season 
  4 
  or 
  5 
  pounds 
  weight 
  for 
  the 
  males 
  and 
  a 
  pound 
  less 
  for 
  the 
  

   females, 
  while 
  specimens 
  of 
  12 
  and 
  14 
  pounds 
  weight 
  are 
  not 
  rare, 
  and 
  

   there 
  is 
  a 
  record 
  of 
  one 
  of 
  17^ 
  pounds. 
  The 
  Union 
  Eiver 
  fish 
  are 
  

   about 
  the 
  same 
  size. 
  'The 
  St. 
  Croix 
  fish 
  vary 
  in 
  the 
  matter 
  of 
  weight 
  in 
  

   different 
  i^arts 
  of 
  their 
  range, 
  but 
  the 
  average 
  weight 
  of 
  either 
  sex 
  at 
  

   Grand 
  Lake 
  Stream 
  is 
  a 
  little 
  less 
  than 
  3 
  pounds; 
  specimens 
  of 
  over 
  6 
  

   pounds 
  are 
  rare, 
  and 
  none 
  is 
  on 
  record 
  of 
  over 
  10 
  pounds. 
  

  

  After 
  attempts 
  to 
  collect 
  eggs 
  of 
  landlocked 
  salmon 
  in 
  each 
  of 
  the 
  

   four 
  regions 
  mentioned, 
  it 
  was 
  found 
  that 
  Grand 
  Lake 
  Stream 
  in 
  

   the 
  St. 
  Croix 
  district 
  afforded 
  excellent 
  facilities 
  for 
  this 
  work. 
  The 
  

   hatching 
  station 
  at 
  that 
  place 
  was 
  oi)erated 
  continuously 
  from 
  1875 
  

   to 
  1892. 
  Since 
  1802 
  the 
  station 
  has 
  been 
  closed 
  and 
  the 
  propagation 
  

   of 
  landlocked 
  salmon 
  by 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  Fish 
  Commission 
  has 
  been 
  

   conducted 
  at 
  Green 
  Lake 
  station. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  notes 
  on 
  fish-cultural 
  methods 
  have 
  special 
  application 
  

   to 
  Grand 
  Lake 
  Stream: 
  

  

  The 
  landlocked 
  salmon 
  of 
  the 
  St. 
  Croix, 
  though 
  originally 
  well 
  dis- 
  

   tributed 
  through 
  the 
  lakes 
  tributary 
  to 
  that 
  river 
  and 
  still 
  inhabiting 
  

   a 
  great 
  many 
  of 
  them, 
  finds 
  in 
  some 
  a 
  much 
  more 
  congenial 
  home 
  

   than 
  m 
  others, 
  its 
  favorite 
  abode 
  being 
  Grand 
  Lake 
  on 
  the 
  Schoodic 
  

   Eiver. 
  This 
  body 
  of 
  water 
  is 
  of 
  irregular 
  shape, 
  about 
  12 
  miles 
  in 
  

   length 
  and 
  4 
  in 
  extreme 
  breadth, 
  fed 
  almost 
  wholly 
  by 
  short 
  streams 
  

   that 
  form 
  the 
  outlets 
  of 
  oiher 
  lakes, 
  and 
  from 
  this 
  cause, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  

   fi^om 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  it 
  drains 
  a 
  gravelly^ 
  country 
  and 
  is 
  girt 
  with 
  clean, 
  

   rocky 
  shores, 
  it 
  is 
  (me 
  of 
  the 
  purest 
  of 
  the 
  Maine 
  lakes. 
  Its 
  greatest 
  

   depth 
  is 
  believed 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  little 
  more 
  than 
  100 
  feet. 
  Its 
  outlet 
  is 
  Grand 
  

   Lake 
  Stream, 
  a 
  shallow, 
  rapid, 
  gravelly 
  stream, 
  about 
  3 
  miles 
  long, 
  to 
  

   which 
  the 
  salmon 
  go 
  in 
  October 
  and 
  November 
  to 
  deposit 
  their 
  eggs. 
  

   Comparatively 
  few 
  of 
  the 
  salmon 
  of 
  this 
  lake 
  resort 
  to 
  the 
  streams 
  

   tributary 
  to 
  it. 
  

  

  The 
  operations 
  with 
  landlocked 
  salmon 
  necessarily 
  differ 
  from 
  those 
  

   with 
  migratory 
  salmon. 
  Being 
  at 
  home 
  in 
  fresh 
  water 
  and 
  having 
  there 
  

   their 
  feeding-grounds, 
  they 
  continue 
  to 
  feed 
  until 
  the 
  close 
  approach 
  

   of 
  the 
  spawning 
  time, 
  and 
  hence 
  they 
  could 
  .not 
  be 
  penned 
  up 
  in 
  the 
  

   summer 
  without 
  some 
  provision 
  for 
  an 
  artificial 
  supply 
  of 
  food, 
  which 
  

   would 
  probably 
  involve 
  a 
  great 
  deal 
  of 
  expense 
  and 
  trouble. 
  More- 
  

  

  