﻿MANUAL 
  OF 
  FISH-CULTURE. 
  69 
  

  

  over, 
  the 
  necessity 
  of 
  collecting 
  breeding 
  fish 
  early 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  does 
  

   not 
  exist, 
  because 
  they 
  are 
  at 
  no 
  time 
  more 
  congregated 
  and 
  easy 
  to 
  

   catch 
  than 
  at 
  the 
  spawning 
  season. 
  

  

  Their 
  capture 
  is 
  easily 
  effected 
  by 
  stretching 
  a 
  net 
  across 
  the 
  outlet 
  

   of 
  the 
  lake 
  and 
  leading 
  them 
  through 
  a 
  tunnel-formed 
  passage 
  into 
  an 
  

   inclosure 
  of 
  netting. 
  There 
  happens 
  to 
  be 
  at 
  this 
  point 
  a 
  wide 
  surface 
  

   of 
  smooth 
  bottom, 
  with 
  water 
  from 
  1 
  to 
  3 
  feet 
  in 
  depth, 
  aflbrding 
  an 
  

   excellent 
  site 
  for 
  spacious 
  inclosures, 
  not 
  only 
  for 
  entrapijing 
  but 
  for 
  

   assorting 
  and 
  storing 
  salmon 
  during 
  the 
  spawning 
  season. 
  Xets 
  are 
  

   generally 
  stretched 
  across 
  the 
  stream 
  (to 
  keep 
  the 
  fish 
  back 
  in 
  the 
  

   lake) 
  immediately 
  after 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  the 
  close 
  season, 
  September 
  15. 
  

   The 
  earliest 
  of 
  them 
  begin 
  to 
  spawn 
  before 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  October, 
  but 
  the 
  

   actual 
  inclosing 
  of 
  the 
  breeding 
  stock 
  is 
  deferred 
  until 
  the 
  early 
  days 
  

   of 
  November. 
  The 
  taking 
  of 
  spawn 
  generally 
  begins 
  about 
  November 
  

   6 
  and 
  continues 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  weeks. 
  Commonly 
  by 
  November 
  20 
  or 
  22 
  

   this 
  work 
  is 
  completed, 
  and 
  the 
  breeders 
  are 
  carried 
  a 
  mile 
  or 
  two 
  up 
  

   the 
  lake 
  and 
  liberated. 
  

  

  The 
  method 
  of 
  manipulation 
  is 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  at 
  tlie 
  Craig 
  Brook 
  station, 
  

   and 
  does 
  not 
  differ 
  materially 
  from 
  that 
  adopted 
  by 
  all 
  the 
  American 
  

   breeders 
  of 
  Salmonidce. 
  The 
  results 
  in 
  the 
  impregnation 
  of 
  the 
  spawn 
  

   are 
  not 
  so 
  iinifoniily 
  satisfactory 
  as 
  with 
  sea 
  salmon. 
  There 
  appears 
  

   to 
  be 
  a 
  greater 
  prevalence 
  of 
  ovarian 
  disease 
  than 
  among 
  the 
  migratory 
  

   salmon. 
  The 
  occurrence 
  of 
  white 
  eggs 
  among 
  the 
  normally 
  colored 
  

   and 
  healthy 
  ones 
  as 
  they 
  are 
  yielded 
  by 
  the 
  fish 
  is 
  very 
  common, 
  and 
  

   occasionally 
  the 
  entire 
  litter 
  is 
  defective. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  improbable 
  that 
  

   some 
  eggs 
  are 
  incapable 
  of 
  impregnation, 
  though 
  exhibiting 
  no 
  visible 
  

   signs 
  of 
  disease. 
  However, 
  the 
  general 
  result 
  is 
  satisfactory, 
  the 
  ratio 
  

   of 
  impregnated 
  eggs 
  being 
  from 
  93 
  to 
  95 
  per 
  cent. 
  

  

  The 
  facilities 
  for 
  developing 
  and 
  hatching 
  the 
  eggs 
  at 
  Grand 
  Lake 
  

   Stream 
  are 
  rather 
  poor. 
  No 
  good 
  site 
  could 
  be 
  found 
  by 
  the 
  side 
  of 
  

   the 
  stream, 
  no 
  suitable 
  brook 
  could 
  be 
  found 
  near 
  enough 
  to 
  the 
  fishing- 
  

   grounds, 
  and 
  the 
  neighboring 
  springs 
  lacked 
  either 
  volume 
  or 
  facilities 
  

   for 
  utilization. 
  Of 
  three 
  hatcheries, 
  two 
  use 
  spring 
  water 
  exclusively, 
  

   and 
  one 
  of 
  them 
  lake 
  or 
  stream 
  water 
  exclusively. 
  The 
  lake 
  water 
  is 
  

   preferred, 
  but 
  unfortunately 
  it 
  can 
  only 
  be 
  used 
  for 
  the 
  slow 
  develop- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  eggs, 
  circumstances 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  floating 
  of 
  

   timber 
  down 
  the 
  stream 
  compelling 
  the 
  evacuation 
  of 
  that 
  hatchery 
  in 
  

   March. 
  The 
  main 
  hatchery 
  is 
  well 
  located 
  except 
  that 
  the 
  water 
  is 
  from 
  

   springs, 
  and 
  this 
  unfavorable 
  circumstance 
  is 
  well 
  counterbalanced 
  by 
  

   the 
  facilities 
  for 
  aeration, 
  which 
  are 
  very 
  good 
  and 
  very 
  fully 
  employed. 
  

   The 
  eggs 
  are 
  placed 
  upon 
  wire-cloth 
  trays 
  in 
  stacks 
  or 
  tiers, 
  ten 
  deep, 
  

   and 
  arranged 
  for 
  a 
  free 
  horizontal 
  movement 
  in 
  the 
  water. 
  

  

  The 
  egg 
  shipments 
  are 
  made 
  in 
  January, 
  February, 
  March, 
  and 
  some- 
  

   times 
  in 
  April. 
  The 
  eggs 
  hatched 
  are 
  selected 
  from 
  those 
  that 
  have 
  

   been 
  retarded 
  in 
  development; 
  the 
  fry 
  reach 
  the 
  age 
  for 
  liberation 
  in 
  

   June, 
  when 
  their 
  natural 
  food 
  is 
  believed 
  to 
  be 
  abundant. 
  

  

  