﻿MISCELLANEOUS 
  FRESH-WATER 
  FISHES. 
  

  

  Besides 
  the 
  fresh-water 
  and 
  anadromous 
  fishes 
  considered 
  in 
  the 
  fore- 
  

   going 
  chapters, 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  others 
  have 
  been 
  artificially 
  cultivated, 
  

   including 
  some 
  species 
  introduced 
  from 
  Europe, 
  The 
  special 
  methods 
  

   of 
  propagation 
  already 
  referred 
  to 
  are 
  in 
  general 
  applicable 
  to 
  all 
  fishes 
  

   of 
  similar 
  character, 
  and 
  need 
  not 
  be 
  described 
  again 
  in 
  detail. 
  

  

  MINOR 
  TROUTS 
  AND 
  THE 
  GRAYLING. 
  

  

  The 
  different 
  methods 
  of 
  hatching 
  the 
  eggs 
  of 
  the 
  various 
  members 
  

   of 
  the 
  salmon 
  family 
  are 
  practically 
  interchangeable, 
  so 
  that 
  in 
  con- 
  

   sidering 
  the 
  following 
  species 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  necessary 
  to 
  dwell 
  again 
  on 
  

   fish-cultural 
  processes. 
  

  

  Several 
  varieties 
  of 
  the 
  black-spotted 
  trout 
  {Salmo 
  myJciss) 
  are 
  artifi- 
  

   cially 
  propagated. 
  This 
  fish 
  is 
  somewhat 
  similar 
  to 
  the 
  European 
  sea 
  

   trout 
  or 
  salmon 
  trout 
  {Salmo 
  trutta) 
  and 
  in 
  parts 
  of 
  its 
  range 
  has 
  the 
  

   same 
  half-migratory 
  habits. 
  It 
  is 
  widely 
  distributed, 
  very 
  abundant, 
  

   and 
  subject 
  to 
  great 
  variation 
  in 
  color 
  and 
  structure. 
  It 
  is 
  found 
  from 
  

   Alaska 
  to 
  Mexico 
  in 
  the 
  streams 
  of 
  the 
  Coast 
  Range, 
  Sierra 
  Nevada, 
  and 
  

   Rocky 
  Mountains, 
  and 
  in 
  some 
  lakes 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  regions. 
  It 
  attains 
  a 
  

   weight 
  of 
  over 
  30 
  pounds, 
  although 
  the 
  average 
  is, 
  of 
  course, 
  much 
  less. 
  

  

  Among 
  the 
  varieties 
  whose 
  eggs 
  have 
  been 
  artificially 
  hatched 
  are 
  

   the 
  Lake 
  Tahoe 
  trout 
  or 
  Truckee 
  trout 
  {Salmo 
  myJciss 
  henshawi), 
  which 
  is 
  

   extensively 
  propagated 
  by 
  the 
  California 
  Fish 
  Commission 
  at 
  hatcheries 
  

   on 
  Lake 
  Tahoe; 
  the 
  Colorado 
  River 
  trout 
  {Salmo 
  mykiss 
  jJlcuriUcHs), 
  

   and 
  the 
  yellow-fin 
  trout 
  {Salmo 
  myMss 
  macdonaldi), 
  both 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  

   cultivated 
  by 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  Fish 
  Commission 
  at 
  its 
  station 
  at 
  Leadville, 
  

   Colorado. 
  All 
  of 
  these 
  species 
  are 
  handsome 
  game 
  and 
  food 
  fishes. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  Leadville 
  the 
  spawning 
  season 
  extends 
  from 
  May 
  1 
  

   to 
  July 
  15. 
  The 
  eggs 
  are 
  hatched 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  troughs 
  and 
  under 
  the 
  

   same 
  conditions 
  as 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  brook 
  and 
  rainbow 
  fronts. 
  In 
  water 
  

   ranging 
  from 
  42° 
  to 
  00° 
  and 
  averaging 
  about 
  52° 
  F., 
  the 
  eye-spots 
  

   appear 
  in 
  20 
  days 
  and 
  hatching 
  ensues 
  in 
  30 
  to 
  45 
  days. 
  

  

  The 
  Scotch 
  lake 
  trout, 
  or 
  Loch 
  Leven 
  tront 
  {Salmo 
  trutta 
  levenensis), 
  

   and 
  the 
  Euroj)ean 
  brown 
  trout 
  or 
  brook 
  trout, 
  or 
  Von 
  Behr 
  tront 
  {Salmo 
  

   fario), 
  were 
  introduced 
  by 
  the 
  Fish 
  Commission 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  years 
  ago, 
  

   and 
  have 
  been 
  widely 
  distributed 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States. 
  They 
  are 
  now 
  

   propagated 
  in 
  many 
  States 
  from 
  eggs 
  taken 
  from 
  brood 
  fish 
  retained 
  

   in 
  ponds. 
  At 
  North 
  ville 
  the 
  sx^awning 
  season 
  of 
  these 
  fish 
  is 
  the 
  same 
  

  

  179 
  

  

  