﻿180 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  COMMISSIONER 
  OF 
  FISH 
  AND 
  FISHERIES. 
  

  

  as 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  brook 
  trout. 
  Their 
  eggs 
  are 
  somewhat 
  larger 
  than 
  those 
  

   of 
  the 
  latter 
  fish, 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  handled 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  way, 
  the 
  progress 
  

   of 
  incubation 
  is 
  similar, 
  and 
  the 
  fry 
  are 
  fed 
  on 
  the 
  same 
  materials. 
  

  

  Small 
  numbers 
  of 
  the 
  European 
  sea 
  trout 
  or 
  salmon 
  trout 
  {Salmo 
  

   trutta) 
  have 
  also 
  been 
  propagated 
  at 
  Craig 
  Brook 
  and 
  other 
  stations, 
  

   and 
  have 
  been 
  reared 
  to 
  full 
  maturity 
  in 
  ponds. 
  

  

  The 
  fish 
  called 
  the 
  Swiss 
  lake 
  trout, 
  European 
  charr, 
  or 
  saibliug 
  

   {Salvelinus 
  alpimis),haiS 
  been 
  propagated 
  on 
  a 
  small 
  scale 
  from 
  eggs 
  

   taken 
  from 
  pond 
  fish, 
  which 
  in 
  turn 
  were 
  hatched 
  from 
  eggs 
  sent 
  from 
  

   Switzerland. 
  This 
  species 
  is 
  similar 
  to 
  the 
  brook 
  trout 
  and 
  other 
  

   native 
  charrs, 
  and 
  its 
  eggs 
  are 
  subjected 
  to 
  the 
  same 
  methods. 
  

  

  The 
  representative 
  of 
  the 
  saibling 
  found 
  in 
  certain 
  New 
  England 
  

   lakes, 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  Sunapee 
  trout, 
  or 
  golden 
  trout 
  {Salvelinus 
  alpinus 
  

   aureohis), 
  has 
  also 
  received 
  some 
  attention 
  from 
  flsh-culturists. 
  

  

  The 
  Michigan 
  grayling 
  {Thymallus 
  ontariensis) 
  is 
  naturally 
  found 
  

   only 
  in 
  certain 
  streams 
  in 
  Michigan, 
  although 
  the 
  type 
  specimen 
  was 
  

   said 
  to 
  have 
  come 
  from 
  Lake 
  Ontario. 
  It 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  attractive 
  

   and 
  game 
  of 
  fresh-water 
  fishes, 
  but 
  is 
  rapidly 
  approaching 
  extinction, 
  

   owing 
  to 
  excessive 
  fishing 
  and 
  the 
  pollution 
  of 
  streams, 
  which 
  have 
  not 
  

   been 
  counteracted 
  by 
  artificial 
  propagation. 
  The 
  Montana 
  grayling 
  

   {Thymallus 
  ontariensis 
  montanns) 
  inhabits 
  a 
  limited 
  area 
  in 
  the 
  head- 
  

   waters 
  of 
  the 
  Missouri 
  Eiver 
  and 
  is 
  very 
  abundant 
  in 
  some 
  streains. 
  

  

  The 
  Arctic 
  grayling 
  ( 
  Thymallus 
  signifer) 
  is 
  found 
  from 
  the 
  Mackenzie 
  

   Eiver 
  westward 
  through 
  Alaska 
  and 
  north 
  to 
  the 
  Arctic 
  Ocean. 
  The 
  

   Michigan 
  grayling 
  rarely 
  weighs 
  1^ 
  pounds, 
  and 
  the 
  average 
  weight 
  is 
  

   only 
  half 
  a 
  pound; 
  the 
  northern 
  species 
  is 
  somewhat 
  larger. 
  

  

  Although 
  the»cultivation 
  of 
  the 
  grayling 
  was 
  begun 
  as 
  early 
  as 
  1874, 
  

   it 
  was 
  never 
  regularly 
  or 
  extensively 
  conducted. 
  Spawning 
  in 
  Michi- 
  

   gan 
  occurs 
  in 
  April, 
  and 
  the 
  eggs 
  are 
  normally 
  laid 
  in 
  gravel 
  beds 
  in 
  

   clear, 
  cold 
  streams. 
  The 
  number 
  of 
  eggs 
  taken 
  from 
  a 
  single 
  fish 
  varies 
  

   from 
  3,000 
  to 
  4,000. 
  The 
  same 
  methods 
  of 
  culture 
  pursued 
  with 
  the 
  

   brook 
  trout 
  are 
  applicable 
  to 
  the 
  grayling. 
  In 
  water 
  having 
  a 
  tempera- 
  

   ture 
  of 
  50O 
  to 
  60° 
  F., 
  the 
  incubation 
  period 
  is 
  14 
  to 
  20 
  days. 
  

  

  THE 
  LAKE 
  HERRING 
  AND 
  OTHER 
  WHITEFISHES. 
  

  

  While 
  the 
  common 
  whitefish 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  member 
  of 
  the 
  tribe 
  that 
  has 
  

   received 
  much 
  attention 
  from 
  fish-culturists, 
  it 
  is 
  probable 
  that 
  several 
  

   other 
  species 
  of 
  whitefish 
  will 
  in 
  time 
  be 
  extensively 
  propagated. 
  The 
  

   lake 
  herring 
  {Argyrosomus 
  artedi) 
  has 
  already 
  been 
  artificially 
  hatched 
  

   to 
  a 
  limited 
  extent 
  at 
  Put-in 
  Bay 
  station, 
  and 
  the 
  long-jaw 
  or 
  bloater 
  

   {Argyrosomus 
  prognathus), 
  the 
  bluefin 
  or 
  blackfin 
  {A. 
  nigripinnis), 
  the 
  

   tullibee 
  {A. 
  tullibee), 
  and 
  others 
  will 
  doubtless 
  become 
  the 
  subjects 
  of 
  

   fish-cultural 
  work 
  in 
  certain 
  lakes. 
  The 
  eggs 
  of 
  all 
  these 
  fish 
  can 
  be 
  

   hatched 
  by 
  the 
  same 
  methods 
  as 
  are 
  used 
  with 
  the 
  common 
  whitefish, 
  

   but 
  the 
  spawning 
  seasons 
  differ. 
  

  

  The 
  lake 
  herring 
  is 
  readily 
  distinguished 
  from 
  the 
  common 
  whitefish 
  

   by 
  its 
  smaller 
  size, 
  projecting 
  lower 
  jaw, 
  long 
  and 
  numerous 
  gillrakers, 
  

  

  