﻿158 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 78 



The skeletal remains collected on this journey will probably prove 

 to be of much importance. They represent skeletal material from 

 Barrow down the coast, spot by spot, including the islands ; and they 

 comprise not only recent material but also some older. These re- 

 mains show at first sight that the Eskimo of these regions are by no 

 means the highly differentiated Eskimo of Labrador and Greenland, 

 but that they approach, in some cases almost to an identity, on one 

 hand the Asiatic and Mongoloid types of people, and on the other 

 the American Indians, more particularly those of Alaska. The 

 writer has no longer any hesitation in believing that the Eskimo and 

 Indian originally were not any two distinct races nor even two widely 

 distinct and far-away types, but that if we could go a little back in 

 time they would be found to be like two neighboring fingers of one 

 liand, both proceeding from the same palm or racial source. 



ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN CHACO CANYON, 



NEW MEXICO 



The Pueblo Bonito Expeditions ^ of the National Geographic So- 

 ciety, under the direction of Neil M. Judd, curator of American 

 archeology, U. S. National Museum, were concluded in October, 1926. 

 Pueblo Bonito is a prehistoric Indian village in the Chaco Canyon 

 National Monument, northwestern New Mexico ; archeological evi- 

 dence suggests its abandonment about one thousand years ago. Pueblo 

 Bonito may justly be regarded as one of our finest aboriginal apart- 

 ment houses for, in its hey-day, it stood four stories high, comprised 

 approximately 800 rooms, and covered more than three acres of 

 ground. Its occupants were sedentary Indians who had surpassed all 

 their known contemporaries in civic organization, architectural devel- 

 opment, and dexterity in the manual arts. The National Geographic 

 Society's Pueblo Bonito Expeditions, inaugurated in 1921, have con- 

 tributed a vast store of information concerning these primitive Pueblo 

 folk and others who, in pre-Columbian times, tilled the desert soil not 

 only in Chaco Canyon but elsewhere throughout the plateau regions 

 of the southwestern United States. The spacious communal dwellings 

 these ancients built and occupied form the major antiquities of their 

 respective periods and cultures. 



During the past six years Mr. Judd and his associates have investi- 

 gated the archeological evidence of the domestic and ritualistic life 

 of the Bonitians and their neighbors at Pueblo del Arro}o and have 



* Smithsonian Misc. Coll., Vol. 72, Nos. 6 & 15; Vol. 74, No. 5; Vol. 7(i, 

 No. 10; Vol. "]"], No. 2; Vol. 78, No. I. 



